Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Audiology > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

what are the two aspects of sound?

A

physical and psychological

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the place theory compares the cochlea to _______

A

piano keys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

resonance theory

A

-air gets into our inner ear, and depending on the size of the hole that it goes through, that is the frequency that we hear
-tonotopically organized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

broca’s area is responsible for _________

A

speech production/ expressive language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

wernicke’s area is responsible for __________

A

understanding/ receptive language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

afferent pathways travel _____________

A

from the periphery to the brain (away from the cochlea)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the left temporal lobe is responsible for ___________

A

speech and language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what frequencies form the core (center) of the 8th cranial nerve?

A

low frequencies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

which part of the basilar membrane is less stiff?

A

the apex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

which part of the basilar membrane is narrower?

A

the base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

tonotopic organization

A

-different places on the basilar membrane correspond with different frequencies
-lower frequencies at the top, higher frequencies at the base
- created like a gradient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

the top (apex) of the cochlea is responsible for _________

A

low frequencies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

the outer 2/3 of the external ear canal are made of __________

A

cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

the bony center of the cochlea is called the _________

A

modiolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the modiolus contains the ___________

A

8th cranial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how many turns are in the cochlea?
(how many times it wraps around the center)

A

2.5 times

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are the three cochlear canals (ducts)?

A

scala vestibuli
scala media
scala tympani

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what duct is filled with endolymph?

A

scala media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what ducts are filled with perilymph?

A

scala vestibuli and scala tympani

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are the two membranes within the cochlea?

A

reisners (top) and basilar (bottom)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

the organ of corti is located in the __________

A

basilar membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

the membrane which when moved, stimulates the outer and inner hair cells called the _________

A

tectorial membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

the connection of the apex of the cochlea from the scala vestibuli to the scala tympani is called ____________

A

the helicomtema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

the end organ of hearing is the ___________

A

organ of corti

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

the purpose of the inner hair cells in the organ of corti is to ___________

A

understand/ understanding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

the purpose of the outer hair cells in the organ of corti is __________

A

amplification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

the ________ system’s purpose is to keep balance and detect movement.

A

vestibular system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

central auditory pathway

A

-cochlea
-8th cranial nerve
-cochlea nuclei
-superior olivary complex
-lateral lemniscus
-inferior
-medial genicular body
auditory cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

the point where crossover begins to occur in the central auditory pathway is ________

A

after the cochlea nuclei and before the medial genicular body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

sound waves entering the ear

A

acoustic waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

vibrations of the bones in the middle ear

A

mechanical energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

mechanical energy is transformed by the ________

A

tympanic membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

energy with the fluid of the cochlea

A

hydraulic energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

hydraulic energy is transformed by _________

A

the stapes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

energy as the impulse is sent to the brain

A

chemical/ electric energy

36
Q

chemical/ electric energy is transformed by _________

A

hair cells moving

37
Q

resonant frequency at the canal is ________HZ

A

2700

38
Q

hair cells are called

A

cilia

39
Q

the movement of the tectorial membrane causes ____________

A

the cilia to bend on the organ of corti
(depolarization)

40
Q

hair cells are bundles that are attached by tip links with one long cilia that is embedded in the tectorial membrane
true or false?

A

false
- it is not embedded, it sits on top

41
Q

what happens in the excitatory phase?

A

the cell depolarizes

42
Q

what happens during the inhibitory phase?

A

the cell hyperpolarizes

43
Q

the inner 1/3 of the external ear canal is made up of _______

A

bone

44
Q

the part of the tympanic membrane the contains radial fibers is called _________

A

pars tensa

45
Q

the part of the tympanic membrane responsible for hearing is called _______

A

pars tensa

46
Q

the upper third of the tympanic membrane that allows vibration is called _______

A

pars flaccida

47
Q

the notch that divides the pars flaccida and the pars tensa is the __________

A

notch of rivinus

48
Q

what color should a healthy tympanic membrane be?

A

pearly grey

49
Q

what are the 3 layers of the tympanic membrane?

A

-epithelial tissue
-mucosa
-radial fibers

50
Q

what separates the outer and middle ear?

A

tympanic membrane

51
Q

the lateral wall of the middle ear contains the ___________

A

tympanic membrane

52
Q

the anterior wall of the middle ear contains the __________

A

eustachian tube

53
Q

the posterior wall of the middle war includes the __________ and the __________

A

pyramidal eminence and the aditus

54
Q

the inferior wall of the middle ear includes the __________

A

jugular bulb

55
Q

the superior wall of the middle ear is also called the ________ wall

A

tegmental

56
Q

the medial wall includes
__________
__________
__________

A

the oval window
the round window
the promontory

57
Q

what are the 3 bones of the middle ear?

A

malleus, incus, and stapes

58
Q

the part of the malleus that attaches to the tympanic membrane is called the ________

A

umbo

59
Q

the footplate of the stapes sits in the _______ window

A

oval window

60
Q

the two muscles of the middle ear are the __________ and the ___________

A

stapedial muscle: attaches to the stapes and pyramidal eminence ( on the posterior wall)
tensor tympani: attaches to the malleus and the anterior wall

61
Q

how do the muscles of the inner ear work?

A

they work together by pulling in opposite directions

62
Q

what tube allows airflow into the middle ear?

A

eustachian tube

63
Q

when does the eustachian tube open?

A

opens on some occasions

64
Q

the eustachian tube runs from the middle ear to which part of the body?

A

nasopharynx

65
Q

the eustachian tube is flatter in adults than infants.
true or false?

A

false

66
Q

what are the two portions of the inner ear?

A

the vestibular portion and the auditory portion

67
Q

how many semi-circular canals are there on ear side?

A

3

68
Q

which is more elastic, a door or a rubber band?

A

door

69
Q

molecules travel from sound source into the middle ear and do not have a fixed range of movement in space.
true or false?

A

false- they do have a fixed range of movement

70
Q

compression is when molecules are ________

A

coming closer together

71
Q

rarefaction is when molecules are ____________

A

growing farther apart

72
Q

on a sine wave graph, above the midline represents _________

A

compression

73
Q

on a sine wave graph, below the midline represents ____________

A

rarefaction

74
Q

frequency is defined as __________ per ___________

A

cycles completed per time (seconds)

75
Q

amplitude is related to ________

A

loudness

76
Q

what causes change in amplitude?

A

a change in force

77
Q

what happens when two waves are 180 degrees out of phase?

A

the waves cancel each other out/ 100% dampen

78
Q

deciBels

A

-involves a ratio
-uses logarithmic scale
-nonlinear scale

79
Q

dB IL

A

intensity level

80
Q

dB SPL

A

sound production level

81
Q

how is intensity related to pressure?

A

intensity= pressure^2

82
Q

what is 0dB HL?

A

audiometric zero (starting point on the graph where it is flat)

83
Q

what is the measurement of pitch?

A

decibels

84
Q

how much energy is exerted when the molecules hit each other is called ___________

A

force

85
Q

the force distributed over an area

A

pressure

86
Q

when any mass is moved and energy is used up

A

work

87
Q

the capacity to exert force and use energy in the process

A

power

Audiology (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions