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Dental Anatomy > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Dental anatomy

A

Defines as but not limited to: the study of development, morphology, function, and identity of each of the teeth in the human dentition. The way in which the teeth relate in shape, form, structure, color, and function to the other teeth in the same dental arch and opposing arch

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2
Q

Dentition

A

Refers to all the teeth in the maxilla and mandible. Can be primary, mixed, or permanent. Or artificial with dentures or implants

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3
Q

Primary teeth

A

Deciduous teeth, also called milk teeth, begin formation at 14 weeks in utero.

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4
Q

First eruption of primary teeth and completion

A

At about 6 months adn complete at about 28 months (3 years) and remain intact until the child is around 6.

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5
Q

Permanent teeth, first eruption and completion

A

Adult dentition, first eruption about 6 years and complete at about 14 or 15. These teeth will remain in tact until disease, trauma, or death.

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6
Q

Mixed dentition

A

State where deciduous and permanent teeth exist. Around ages 6-12. “Ugly duckling stage”
Not a true dentition

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7
Q

Succedaneous teeth

A

Permanent teeth that replace the deciduous teeth.
Primary canine is replace by the permanent canine.

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8
Q

Are all permanent teeth succedaneous

A

No. But all succedaneous teeth are permanent.

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9
Q

Arches

A

Maxillary and madibular

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10
Q

Anterior and posterior

A

Ant-incisors and canine
Post- premolars and molars

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11
Q

Quadrants

A

From midline distal half of each arch. Maxillary right, maxillary left, mandibular right, mandibular left.

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12
Q

Sextants

A

Divide mouth into six parts. Max right posterior, max anterior, max left post. Mand Right posterior, mand anterior, mand left posterior.

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13
Q

Tooth types

A

Incisor, canine, premolar, molar

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14
Q

Dental formulae primary dentition

A

I (1/2) C(1/1) M(2/2)=10
For one arch so multiplied by 2 would be 20

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15
Q

Dental formulae permanent dentition

A

I(2/2) C(1/1) P(2/2) M(3/3)=16
One arch (multiply by 2 for 32 total teeth)

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16
Q

Dental formulae

A

Used to differentiate the human dentition from other mammals. Primarily used by veterinarians and anthropologists.

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17
Q

In what order are the names of teeth given

A

Dentition, arch, side, tooth. D.A.S.T.
EX: permanent maxillary right premolar

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18
Q

Palmer notation

A

Mostly used by orthodontist. Bracket marks for quadrant, number or letter for tooth from midline out. 1-8 in four quadrants

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19
Q

International numbering system

A

Federation denataire internationale (FDI)

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20
Q

Federation dentaire international

A

Utilizes two single digit numbers that should be separated by a coma. 1st number indicates both arch and dentition. 1-4 for permanent dentition, 5-8 for primary. 1=UR, 2=UL, 3=LL, 4=LR. 5=UR, 6=UL, 7=LL, 8=LR. 2nd number indicates tooth from midline 1-8 for permanent and 1-5 for primary.

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21
Q

Universal numbering system

A

Most common, utilizes numbers for permanent teeth and letters for primary teeth. 1-16, 17-32; A-J and K-T

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22
Q

What is the root covered by

A

Cementum

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23
Q

What is the crown covered in

A

Enamel

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24
Q

Where do the crown and root join

A

Cementoenamel junction

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25
Q

Hard tissues of a tooth

A

Enamel, cementum, dentin

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26
Q

Soft tissue of tooth

A

Pulp

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27
Q

Enamel

A

Covers crown, enamel is the hardest substance in the human body, mostly inorganic, calcified and 95% hydroxyapatite.

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28
Q

What germ layer does enamel develop from

A

Ectoderm

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29
Q

Dentin

A

Makes up the major bulk of the tooth. Mostly inorganic and about 70% hydroxyapatite. Hard yellowish tissue underlying the enamel and cementum.

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30
Q

What does dentin form from? Structure and germ layer

A

From dental papilla from mesoderm.

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31
Q

Cementum

A

Covers the root surface, about 65% hydroxyapatite. Dull yellow external surface of the root. Covers the dentin on the root surface.

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32
Q

What germ layer and structure does cementum develop from

A

Develops from the dental sac that is from mesoderm

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33
Q

Pulp tissue

A

Soft, non calcified tissue in the pulp chamber. Furnishes nerve and blood supply to the tooth.

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34
Q

What structure and germ layer is pulp tissue derived from

A

Dental papilla from mesoderm.

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35
Q

Compartmentalizations of pulp tissue

A

Chambers, horns, orifice, canals, apical foramen, and lateral canals.

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36
Q

Pulp chamber

A

The chamber is the portion of the pulp tissue located within the crown of the tooth.

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37
Q

Pulp canal

A

The canal is the portion of the pulp tissue located in the root of the tooth. It ends as it exits the apex of the tooth through the apical foramen or a lateral canal.

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38
Q

Alveolar process

A

Portion of the jaw serving as support for the tooth

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39
Q

Alveolus

A

The bone of the tooth socket

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40
Q

Gingiva

A

The gingival tissue or “gums” covering the bone

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41
Q

Periodontal ligament

A

Fibers that attach the tooth to bone, or the tooth adjacent to it.

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42
Q

Periodontal ligament fibers

A

1-alveolar crest
2-horizontal
3-oblique
4-apical
5-interradicular
6-transseptal
1-5 attach bone to tooth and #6 attaches tooth to proximal tooth

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43
Q

Bifurcation of roots

A

The root portion of the tooth may be single with one apex or multiple, with a bifurcation or trifurcation deviding the root into two or three roots each having an apex.

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44
Q

Pulp horns

A

Portion of the pulp chamber that reaches occlusally usually following the form of cusps. Special consideration when restoring teeth is needed to avoid accidental exposure

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45
Q

Cusps

A

Cusps are the pointed feature that forms the chewing surface of the tooth. Molars have multiple, premolars usually have two, and canines one.

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46
Q

Tooth surfaces

A

Mesial, distal, facial (labial for anterior), lingual, Incisal , buccal

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47
Q

Line angles

A

Formed by the junction of 2 surfaces, derives its name from the two surfaces. I.e, mesiofacial line angle or distofacial line angle.

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48
Q

Point angles

A

Formed by the junction of three surfaces and named by these surfaces. I.e., mesiofacioincisal

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49
Q

Proximal contact area functions

A

Prevents food impaction, stabilize the dental arch, prevents drifting of teeth.

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50
Q

Embrasures

A

The negative space areas that surround teeth

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51
Q

Four embrasures

A

Incisal/occlusal
Lingual
Gingival
Facial/buccal

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52
Q

Cusp

A

Elevation or mound on the coronal portion of tooth making up a divisional part of occlusal surface.

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53
Q

Bolk tubercle

A

Excessive formation of enamel

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54
Q

Tubercle

A

Small elevation on the crown produced extra enamel growth

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55
Q

Cingulum

A

The lingual lobe of the anterior teeth. Makes up the bulk of the cervical third

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56
Q

Marginal ridges

A

Rounded boarders of enamel that form the mesial and distal margins of the occlusal surface of posterior teeth and the lingual surface of anterior teeth

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57
Q

Triangular ridges

A

Descend from tips of cusps to central part of occlusal surface in premolars and molars

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58
Q

Transverse ridge

A

Formed by joining of buccal and lingual triangular ridges

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59
Q

Oblique ridge

A

Formed by joining of buccal and lingual triangular ridges crossing obliquely over the occlusal surfaces of maxillary molars from distal buccal to mesial lingual

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60
Q

Central fossa

A

On occlusal surface of molars. Formed by converging ridges ending at a central point in the bottom of the depression where there is a junction of grooves

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61
Q

Triangular fossa

A

On occlusal surface just inside marginal ridges on molars and premolars. Sometimes found on lingual surface.

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62
Q

Developmental groove

A

Shallow groove or line between primary parts of the crown or root

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63
Q

Supplemental groove

A

Branch off of developmental grooves-do not mark a junction of primary parts.

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64
Q

Lobes

A

Primary sections of formation in the development of a crown

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65
Q

Mamelon

A

Visual appearance of the three lobes found on the Incisal edge of newly erupted incisors.

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66
Q

Pit

A

Small pinpoint depressions located at junctions or terminals of developmental grooves

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67
Q

Fissure

A

Like pits, but they extend longitudinally along developmental or supplemental grooves

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68
Q

Root trunk

A

Common root of a multi rooted tooth

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69
Q

Furcation

A

Where roots divide into separate roots form the root trunk in a multi rooted tooth. Can have a bifurcation or trifurcation

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70
Q

Functions of incisors

A

Cutting food, allow articulate speech, help support lip and maintain appearance, guide mandible during jaw movement

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71
Q

Incisal ridge

A

Makes up all of the Incisal portion of the crown.

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72
Q

Perikymata

A

Fine horizontal lines on the crown surface and are usually lost with age due to abrasion

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73
Q

Two anomalies of maxillary central incisors

A

Longer crown, shorter root

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74
Q

T/F-the mesial contacts of 8/9 adn 24/25 are the only teeth in permanent dentition that have mesial surfaces in contact with each other

A

True

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75
Q

First calcification of maxillary central incisors

A

3-4 months

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76
Q

Enamel completion of maxillary central incisors

A

4-5 years

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77
Q

Eruption of maxillary central incisors

A

7-8 years

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78
Q

Root completion of maxillary central incisors

A

9-10 years

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79
Q

Height of contour of maxillary central incisors facial and lingual

A

Cervical third

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80
Q

Straighter side of maxillary central incisor

A

Mesial side

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81
Q

More curved side of maxillary central incisor

A

Distal

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82
Q

Root shape from facial aspect of maxillary central incisor and location to a bisecting line

A

Cone shape, blunt apex, and slightly distal to bisecting line

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83
Q

Mesial and distal height of contour of maxillary central incisor

A

Mesial-Incisal third
Distal- junction of Incisal and middle third

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84
Q

What does exaggeration of the mesial and distal marginal ridges give rise to on incisors

A

Shovel shape incisors

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85
Q

1st calcification of maxillary central incisors

A

3-4 months

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86
Q

First calcification of maxillary lateral incisors

A

10-12 months

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87
Q

First calcification of mandibular central incisors

A

3-4 months

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88
Q

First calcification of mandibular lateral incisors

A

3-4 months

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89
Q

First calcification of maxillary canines

A

4-5 months

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90
Q

First calcification of mandibular canines

A

4-5 months

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91
Q

First calcification of maxillary first premolar

A

1.5-1.75 years

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92
Q

First calcification of maxillary 2nd premolars

A

2-2.25 years

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93
Q

Enamel completion of maxillary central incisors

A

4-5 years

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94
Q

Enamel completion of maxillary lateral incisors

A

4-5 years

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95
Q

Enamel completion of mandibular central incisors

A

4-5 years

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96
Q

Enamel completion of mandibular lateral incisors

A

4-5 years

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97
Q

Enamel completion of maxillary canines

A

6-7 years

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98
Q

Enamel completion of mandibular canines

A

6-7 years

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99
Q

Enamel completion of maxillary 1st premolar

A

5-6 years

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100
Q

Enamel completion of maxillary 2nd premolars

A

6-7 years

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101
Q

Eruption of maxillary central incisors

A

7-8 years

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102
Q

Eruption of maxillary lateral incisors

A

8-9 years

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103
Q

Eruption of mandibular central incisors

A

6-7 years

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104
Q

Eruption of mandibular lateral incisors

A

7-8 years

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105
Q

Eruption of maxillary canines

A

11-12 years

106
Q

Eruption of mandibular canines

A

9-10 years

107
Q

Eruption of maxillary 1st premolar

A

10-11 years

108
Q

Eruption of maxillary 2nd premolar

A

10-12 years

109
Q

Root completion of maxillary central incisors

A

9-10 years

110
Q

Root completion of maxillary lateral incisors

A

11 years

111
Q

Root completion of mandibular central incisors

A

8-9 years

112
Q

Root completion of mandibular lateral incisors

A

10-11 years

113
Q

Root completion of maxillary canines

A

13-15 years

114
Q

Root completion of mandibular canines

A

12-14 years

115
Q

Root completion of maxillary 1st premolar

A

12-13 years

116
Q

Root completion of maxillary 2nd premolar

A

12-14 years

117
Q

The Incisal edge of a mandibular central incisor is _______ to a bisecting line

A

Lingual

118
Q

The ________ edge is more square on all incisors and the _______ edge is more round

A

Mesial, distal

119
Q

What does the depth of the fossa correspond to

A

Intensity of marginal ridges

120
Q

Labial and lingual height of contacts of a mandibular central incisors

A

Both In the cervical third

121
Q

Which developmental groove on the root of a mandibular central incisor is deeper

A

The distal and sometimes contains a developmental groove

122
Q

“I” beam effect

A

Longitudinal root depressions on both the mesial and distal. Root is slightly more narrow on the lingual than facial

123
Q

The Incisal ridge of the crown on a mandibular central incisor is _________ from mesial to distal

A

Straight

124
Q

The lingual surface of the crown is smooth with ________ marginal ridges

A

Inconspicuous

125
Q

The curvature on the CEJ of all incisors is larger on the mesial than distal T/F

A

True

126
Q

The cervical line is more ___________ on the lingual than on the labial

A

Apical

127
Q

The ______ and _______ distal root surfaces have small developmental depression in a mandibular central incisor

A

Mesial and distal

128
Q

The mandibular lateral incisors Incisal ridge angle from _______

A

Facial to lingual

129
Q

The mandibular lateral incisors are slightly larger than the mandibular central incisors T/F

A

True

130
Q

The distoincisal angle of the mandibular later incisor is more _______ because it follows the canine on the measeal

A

Rounded

131
Q

The cingulum of the mandibular later incisor is displaced noticeably to the ________

A

Distal

132
Q

The mandibular lateral incisors display a unique bend to the lingual that is referred to as the _______

A

Distolingual twist

133
Q

The heights of contour of the mandibular lateral incisors M/D adn F/L

A

M-Incisal third
Distal- cervical third
Facial and lingual- cervical third

134
Q

Fusion

A

When two adjoining tooth germs join to from a single large crown with two root canals, usually in the incisor area

135
Q

Gemination

A

When a single tooth germ splits or shows an attempt at splitting, usually a single root and a single root canal

136
Q

Concrescence

A

When two independently formed teeth become fused, usually fused by cementum with two roots and two root canals. More common in third molars.

137
Q

Transition from anterior to posterior teeth

A

Canines

138
Q

The four canines form the _____________ of the mouth

A

Cornerstones

139
Q

What is the most stable tooth in the mouth

A

Canines. Difficult even sometimes impossible to replace

140
Q

First tooth from the midline with a cusp

A

Canine

141
Q

Cusps of a canine

A

Mesial cusp ridges and distal cusp ridge

142
Q

Labial surface of a maxillary canine has a _________

A

Vertical labial ridge

143
Q

Lingual surface of canines is sometimes referred to as “S-shaped” T/F

A

True

144
Q

The labiolingual measurement of the maxillary canine is around ______ ________than that of a maxillary central incisor while the mesiodistal measurement is _______

A

1mm greater
1mm less

145
Q

___________ of maxillary canine shows greater development than the that of the maxillary central incisor

A

Cingulum

146
Q

The cusp tip of a maxillary canine is ________ to a bisecting line

A

Facial

147
Q

Height of contour on the M/D and F/L of a maxillary canine

A

M-junction of Incisal and middle third
D-middle third
F and L- cervical third

148
Q

Canine eminence

A

Bony ridge over the labial portion of the canine roots that give normal facial expression at corners of mouth and helps give transition from ant to post

149
Q

The maxillary canines have ___ labial lobes and ____lingual

A

3 and 1

150
Q

Middle facial lobe of maxillary canine

A

Forms a prominent labial ridge which runs cervicoincisally near the center of the crown in the middle and Incisal thirds. Makes up the bulk of the cusp

151
Q

The mesial and distal slope of the maxillary canine is also known as

A

The mesial and distal cusp ridges

152
Q

On the maxillary canine the _________ cusp ridge is ________ than the ___________

A

Mesial cusp ridge is shorter than the distal

153
Q

The cusp ridges of a maxillary canine take up about _______ of the cervicoincisal length of the crown

A

One third

154
Q

The cusp tip of a maxillary canine Is located on ________ through the center of the root

A

A line

155
Q

Lingual ridge of a maxillary canine

A

Runs cervicoincisally from cingulum to cusp

156
Q

Mesail and distal lingual fossa of a maxillary canine are located __________

A

One other side of the lingual ridge

157
Q

What marginal ridge is usually more present on a maxillary canine

A

Mesial marginal ridge

158
Q

Maxillary canines have greater bulk in which direction

A

Labiolingually

159
Q

The cusp tip of a maxillary canine is _________ to a line bisecting the long axis of the tooth (looking from mesial)

A

Facial/labial

160
Q

The root of a maxillary canine is wider __________ than __________

A

Faciolingually than mesiodistally

161
Q

The longitudinal depressions on the mesial and distal root surfaces of a maxillary canine are more prominent on which surface

A

Distal

162
Q

The ________ marginal ridge is heavier and more irregular in outline than the __________ marginal ridge in a maxillary canine

A

Distal , mesial

163
Q

The ______ and ______ properties are emphasized from the Incisal view of a maxillary canine

A

M/D and L/L

164
Q

Some ____________________ resemble __________ from the Incisal aspect

A

Maxillary lateral incisors resemble canines

165
Q

The ________________ has the largest labiolingual root dimension of any tooth in the mouth

A

Maxillary canine

166
Q

Pulp of a maxillary canine is narrow in the __________ aspect and wider _________

A

Mesiodistal and wider labiolingual

167
Q

Where does the greatest curvature of the labial surface of a maxillary canine occur ?

A

Middle one third

168
Q

Where does the greatest curvature of the lingual surface of a maxillary canine occur ?

A

Cervical one third when mesially

169
Q

The entire labial outline of a maxillary canine has more convexity than the maxillary central incisors T/F

A

True

170
Q

When a maxillary canine is viewed form the Incisal view, the tip of the cusp is ________ to the center of the crown mesiodistally

A

Labial

171
Q

The cusp tip of a mandibular canine is ________ to bisecting line

A

Lingual

172
Q

If there is a curvature at the apex of a mandibular canine what way does it curve towards

A

Mesial

173
Q

The mandibular canine usually has straight roots, but the overall tooth may curve distally. T/F

A

True

174
Q

Anomaly of mandibular canine

A

Bifurcated roots

175
Q

The mandibular canine is narrower _____________than that of the maxillary canine

A

Mesiodistally

176
Q

The mandibular canine crown is as long or frequently shorter than the maxillary T/F

A

False. It is frequently longer.

177
Q

The mandibular canine ROOT may be as long as or slightly shorter than the maxillary T/F

A

True

178
Q

The labiolingual diameter of the crown and root of the mandibular canine is usually _____________ than the maxillary

A

Slightly less

179
Q

The mandibular canine has a larger cingulum and bulkier marginal ridges than the maxillary T/F

A

F. Smaller cingulum and less bulky MR’s

180
Q

The ________ of the mandibular canine is not as well developed as that of the maxillary

A

Cusp

181
Q

The _____________ dimension of the mandibular canine is less than those of the maxillary

A

Mesiodistal

182
Q

The crown of the mandibular canine appears __________ and __________ compared to the maxillary

A

Longer and narrower

183
Q

The cusp tip of mandibular canine is ________ bisecting the root

A

On a line

184
Q

The ______ cusp ridges are shorter than the _________ on a mandibular canine

A

Mesial, distal

185
Q

Many mandibular canines give the impression of being bent ________ on the root base, while maxillary canine crowns are more like to be _______with the root

A

Distally, in line

186
Q

Height of contour of mandibular canine M/D

A

M-Incisal third
D-junction of Incisal and middle third

187
Q

The angel formed by the MCR and DCR or a mandibular canine is ___________ than the maxillary canine

A

More obtuse

188
Q

The _________ is much smoother and flatter on mandibular canines than on maxillary

A

Lingual surface

189
Q

Height of contour of the mandibular canine facial/lingual

A

F and L heights of contour are in the gingival third

190
Q

The cusp tip of a mandibular canine is ____________________ the bisecting line (looking from mesial)

A

On or slightly lingual to

191
Q

The cingulum of a mandibular canine is centered _____________ from the Incisal view

A

Slightly displaced to the distal

192
Q

The mandibular canine shares a feature with the mandibular lateral incisors that it does not share with the maxillary canine. What is it?

A

Distolingual twist

193
Q

The mandibular canine can have two root canals while the maxillary never will have more than one T/F

A

True

194
Q

The maxillary first premolars develop from how many lobes

A

4

195
Q

What tooth do maxillary premolars resemble from a buccal view

A

Canine

196
Q

The crown of a maxillary 1st premolar is __________ than the canine by __________

A

Shorter than by 1.5 to 2mm

197
Q

The crown of a maxillary first premolar is _________ in shape

A

Trapezoidal

198
Q

The mesial outline of a maxillary 1st premolar from the CEJ to the mesial contact area is

A

Slightly concave

199
Q

The crest of curvature lies where in regards to the CEJ on a maxillary 1st premolar

A

Immediately occlusal to the halfway point

200
Q

On a maxillary 1st premolar Which cusp ridge is more straight and long and which is shorter and curved

A

Mesial buccal cusp ridge is straight and longer and the distal is shorter and more curved

201
Q

Ona maxillary 1st premolar the mesial slope of the buccal cusp can be ______

A

Notched or have a visible concave outline

202
Q

In a line bisecting the crown of a maxillary 1st premolar from the buccal view, where does the top of the buccal cusp lie

A

Distal to the line

203
Q

The distal outline of the crown of a maxillary 1st premolar from the CEJ to the height of contact is …

A

Straighter that’s the mesial but may be slightly more concave

204
Q

The _________ contact area is represented by a broader curvature than is found ________

A

Distal , mesially

205
Q

How many mm shorter are the roots of a maxillary 1st premolar compared to a canine

A

3-4 mm

206
Q

The _________ cusp is shorter than the ________ cusp on a maxillary 1st premolar, causing both cusps to be visible form what view

A

Lingual is shorter than the buccal causing both to be visible from a lingual view

207
Q

Why does the crown of a maxillary 1st premolar taper to the lingual

A

Because the lingual cusp narrower mesiodistally than the buccal cusp

208
Q

What part of the CEJ on a maxillary 1st premolar shows more curvature

A

The part towards the apex on the buccal aspect

209
Q

Height of contour on the buccal surface of a maxillary 1st premolar

A

Junction of the Middle and gingival third or w/in gingival third

210
Q

The buccal cusp tip is ________with the middle of the buccal root on a maxillary 1st premolar

A

In line

211
Q

The mesial marginal ridges of maxillary 1st premolars sit where

A

At the junction of the middle and Incisal third

212
Q

What are the two distinguishing features of a max 1st premolar from a mesial aspect

A

Mesial marginal developmental groove
Mesial development depression

213
Q

What feature of a max 1st premolar often times gets mistaken for a crack

A

The mesial marginal developmental groove

214
Q

Mesial marginal developmental groove

A

Extends across the mesial marginal ridge onto the mesial proximal surface directly lingual to the mesial contact area

215
Q

The buccal outline of the buccal root of a max 1st premolar is straight with a tendency towards a ___________

A

lingual inclination

216
Q

The buccal root of a maxillary 1st premolar may take a ____________or _______ curve in the apical third

A

Lingual or buccal

217
Q

The lingual root of a max 1st premolar …

A

Is relatively straight but may curve to the buccal or lingual

218
Q

The root of a max 1st premolar is smooth looking mesially except for what

A

The developmental groove

219
Q

MMR vs DMR in a max 1st premolar

A

MMR is more occlusal than the DMR

220
Q

The crown of a max 1st premolar from the distal aspect is convex at all points except for …

A

A small flattened arc just cervical to the contact area and buccal to the center of the distal surface

221
Q

There is a distal marginal developmental groove on a max 1st premolar T/F

A

FALSE

222
Q

Is there a development depression on the distal of a max 1st premolar

A

No

223
Q

Maxillary 1st premolar occlusal aspect

A

Irregular hexagonal shape with the crown being wider on the buccal than the lingual

224
Q

The crest of the buccal ridge is _______ to the crest of the lingual ridge

A

Distal

225
Q

The mesial contact area of a max 1st premolar is ______ to the distal contact area

A

Lingual

226
Q

The buccal cusp tip of a max 1st premolar is _________ on a bisecting line

A

Distal

227
Q

What cusp ridge is longer on a max 1st premolar

A

Mesiobuccal cusp is ridge is longer than the distobuccal cusp ridge

228
Q

All premolars except the maxillary first have the buccal cusp tip _________to a bisecting line

A

Mesial

229
Q

The lingual cusp tip of both maxillary premolars is ________to a bisecting line

A

Mesial

230
Q

What are the occlusal surfaces of a max 1st premolar circumscribed by

A

Cusp and marginal ridges

231
Q

Maxillary 1st premolar occlusal table outline

A

Buccal cusp tip
Mesiobuccal cusp ridge
Mesial marginal ridge
Mesial lingual cusp ridge
Lingual cusp tip
Distolingual cusp ridge
Distal marginal ridge
Distobuccal cusp ridge
Buccal cusp tip

232
Q

What divides the surfaces of a max 1st premolar evenly buccolingually

A

Central developmental groove

233
Q

The _____________ groove joins the central ridge on a max 1st premolar

A

Distobuccal

234
Q

What two grooves are off the central groove on the mesial side of a max 1st premolar

A

Mesiobuccal developmental groove and the mesial marginal developmental groove

235
Q

The junctions of the grooves on a max 1st premolar form what

A

Mesial and distal developmental pits

236
Q

What depressions surround the mesial and distal developmental pits of a max 1st premolar

A

The mesial and distal triangular fossa

237
Q

Buccal triangular ridge of max 1st premolar

A

Is prominent, starting at the central groove and extending to the buccal cusp tip

238
Q

The lingual triangular ridge of a max 1st premolar

A

Less developed than the BTR and runs from the central groove to the lingual cups tip

239
Q

The maxillary 2nd premolar is ______ angled and ________ rounded

A

Less and more

240
Q

How many roots does the maxillary 2nd premolar have

A

1

241
Q

The maxillary 2nd premolar crown is smaller _______

A

Cervico-occlusally and mesiodistally. But it can also be larger in these dimensions

242
Q

The root of the max 2nd premolar is

A

As long as or longer than the 1st premolar

243
Q

The buccal cusp of the max 2nd premolar isn’t as long as the 1st and it is more _______ in shape

A

Blunt

244
Q

What cusp ridge is shorter and what is longer on the max 2nd premolar

A

Mesiobuccal cusp ridge is shorter than the distobuccal cusp ridge

245
Q

Is the lingual cusp of the 1st or 2nd max premolars longer

A

2nd making the crown longer on the lingual side

246
Q

Cusps of the max 2nd premolar are ________ than the 1st

A

Shorter

247
Q

What widens the occlusal surface of the max second premolars buccolingually

A

A greater distance between the cusp tips

248
Q

Mesial depression on the surface of the crown of the max 2nd premolar

A

Does not exist

249
Q

Does the max 2nd premolar have a deep mesial marginal developmental groove

A

No

250
Q

What is the most significant difference of the 1st and 2nd max premolar from the mesial aspect

A

Max 2nd premolar has a single root

251
Q

The _______ root depression is deeper than the ______ on max 2nd premolars

A

Distal, mesial

252
Q

Why is understanding the location and depth of the distal depression on the max 2nd premolar important

A

This area can trap a lot of plaque and cause bone loss. Proper cleaning of this is crucial

253
Q

Compare the central grooves of the 1st and 2nd max premolars

A

The central groove of the 2nd is shorter and more irregular

254
Q

What kind of grooves can be seen abundantly on the max 2nd premolar

A

Multiple supplementary grooves giving it a wrinkled appearance

255
Q

The buccal cusp tip of a max 2nd premolar is _______ to a bisecting line

A

Mesial

256
Q

A maxillary premolar with more than one root is most likely a

A

Maxillary 1st premolar

257
Q

The cusps of maxillary premolars are located

A

One buccal, one lingual

258
Q

The maxillary premolars are trapezoidal in shape from both a mesial and buccal aspect T/F

A

True

259
Q

An anatomical feature that can be used to distinguish premolars is the

A

Mesial marginal developmental groove

260
Q

The developmental depression on the root of a maxillary 2nd premolar is deepest in the ____________ side

A

Distal

261
Q

On a maxillary central incisor what makes the tooth appear thicker from a distal view than a mesial view

A

A slope towards the distal in the Incisal third

Dental Anatomy (2 decks)

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