Midterm

Question 1

Occurs in a ventilatory region where gas exchange perfusion is not available

Answer 1

Deadspace ventilation

Question 2

The other type of ventilatory region is in alveoli, where gas exchange perfusion is available. Ventilation here is referred to as?

Answer 2

Effective alveolar ventilation (VAeff)

Question 3

The volume of the conducting airways from the mouth/nose down to and including the level of the terminal bronchiole

Answer 3

Anatomic Deadspace (VDan)

Question 4

The volume of malfunctioning alveoli that are lacking normal gas exchange perfusion

Answer 4

Alveolar Deadspace (VdA)

Question 5

The total volume of deadspace inthe pulmonary system; consists of the sum of the anatomic and physiologic deadspace combined; may also be referred to as Functional deadspace.

Answer 5

Physiologic Deadspace (Vd)

Question 6

alveolar units where the quantity of ventilation exceeds the quantity of perfusion available; results in a partial deadspace ventilation effect

Answer 6

Ventilation in excess of perfusion

Question 7

This test is based on having the subject inhale and breathe 100% oxygen (O2). ). It can be performed as a single-breath 02 inspiration test (single breath N2 elimination) or during the initial breaths of a test requiring prolonged oxygen rebreathing (N2 washout for FRC)

Answer 7

The Fowler Test

Question 8

The equipment needed to perform the Bohr test includes:

Answer 8

spirometer for measuring exhaled volumes, a
Douglas bag for collecting an exhaled gas sample, a
CO2 analyzer, and an
End-tidal PCO2.

Question 9

Required to ensure complete exhaled gas collection.

Answer 9

Nose clips

Question 10

For Vd/Vt, normal values range between:

Answer 10

-20 and .40 (.25 and .35 in some references)

Question 10

For Vd/Vt, normal values range between:

Answer 10

-20 and .40 (.25 and .35 in some references)

Question 11

Sometimes referred to as the single-breath oxygen test (SBQ), involves having the subject inhale a breath of 100% oxygen

Answer 11

Single-breath nitrogen elimination test (SBN2)

Question 12

This Phase is the initial 0.0% N2 concentration measured during the emptying of the Vdan.

Answer 12

Phase 1

Question 13

This phase is the rapid increase in % N2 that indicates the transition from Vdan to alveolar gas. This is determined as described earlier in the chapter for Vdan determination.

Answer 13

Phase 2

Question 14

This phase is the relative % N2 plateau that results from the emptying of mixed gas from the alveoli during expiration.

Answer 14

Phase 3

Question 15

This phase occurs toward the end of the expiration in most subjects. It is a relatively rapid increase in % N2 from the Phase TI1 plateau that continues with exhalation to the RV level.

Answer 15

Phase 4

Question 16

Involve having the subject breathe the radioactive gas xenon 133 (Xe^133)

Answer 16

Ventilation scans

Question 17

it is made of the lungs during the breathing of the gas

Answer 17

Scintiscan

Question 18

Are made to record the process and pattern of the distribution of the Xe^133 in the lungs.

Answer 18

Scintiphotographs

Question 19

Involve the intravenous injection of a radioactively tagged substance

Answer 19

Perfusion scans

Question 20

A commonly used carrier and is processed into microspheres, or particles that are large enough to be caught and held in the pulmonary capillary circulation.

Answer 20

Human Albumin