midterm Flashcards
Intermediary action refers to the practices of all the people who inter intervene as popular music is produced, distributed, and consumed
Mediation
The predominant influence of a political or cultural force over another
Hegemony
Revisiting the influence of a political or cultural force that has hegemony
Counter hegemony
- Phonograph, 1877
- Wax cylinders
- Edison Records
Thomas Edison
Flat disc, 1901
Victor Talking Machine Company
Emile Berliner(德裔美国发明家
The First Major Labels
The Edison Company
Columbia Records
Victor Talking Machine Company
（维克多哥伦比亚爱迪生
Palais royale saloon in San Francisco, 1889
Military marches, hymns and vaudeville tunes
Coin-operated cylinder playback machine
European quadrille (white)
Parody called “cakewalk” (black)
Imitation of cakewalk (white)
Cakewalk becomes a signature element
minstrelsy
Song and character created by Thomas Dartmouth Rice, 1829 First international American hit song Subversive trickster Morphed into gross stereotypes Lazy, goofy, dimwitted Untrustworthy, threatening
Jim Crow
First black blues vocalist recording: Mamie smith, “That Thing called love”, 1920
First commercially successful “hillbilly” recording: Fiddlin’ John Carson, 1913
sold to Columbia records
Indie label in NYC, established 1918
okeh records
The “image of communion” exists in the minds of those who imagine themselves belonging to a larger entity comprised of people they will likely never meet.
Imagined communities
The art of practice of narration; the representation in art of an event or story
Part of the process of mediation
Narrative
undermine the power and authority of (an established system or institution).
Subvert
Audiences identified and addressed by consumption habits
“Mass-mediated consumer”
Todd Storz and jukeboxes
Same hits in frequent rotation
Ads, jingles, promotions, rapid-fire patter
Top 40
Developed in the 1920s and 30s by Edwin Armstrong, the radio inventor
Rejected by radio networks, remains unoccupied and experimental
becomes “antiestablishment technology”
FM technology
Created by Lewis Hill, 1949
Educational, multicultural, listener-supported
Pacifica Radio
Bob Fass
Radio Unnameable: spontaneous & unformatted
Invented the “call-in”
WBAI (Pacifica station in NY)
“The Godfather of”
Freedom
Popular music is competitive & repetitive
Shared experience through audience participation
Helped create a sense of national identity
“The most popular songs are the best songs.”
Your Hit Parade
• Latest R&B records
• Black cultural elements: storytelling, speaking in rhythm and rhyme, improvisation
“Personality DJs”
Latest R&B records
Black cultural elements: storytelling, speaking in rhythm and rhyme, improvisation
“Personality DJs
Spawned white imitators (vocal minstrelsy)
Black DJs
- The Moondog Show
- Teenage demographic
- “Bringer of Black music to white youth”
- “Bringer of Black music to white youth”
- Teenage demographic
- The Moondog Show
- “Rock n’ roll”
Alan Freed
NPR Music Narratives
“Fresh Air”
Terry Gross
Turino’s Four Fields of Artistic Practice
Presentational Performance
Participatory Performance
High Fidelity
Studio Audio Art
The tendency to seek distraction and relief from unpleasant realities, especially
by seeking entertainment or engaging in fantasy
Escapism
Léon Theremin, Russian electrical engineer
“Aetherphone” (Theremin), 1928
Theremin (俄国发明家发明的电子乐器
Robert Moog, engineer (1934-2005)
Invented Moog syntheziser, 1964
First widely used electronic instrument
Set up booth at Monterey Pop Festival, 1967
Psychedelic and Prog-rock: The Beatles, the Doors, Stevie Wonder, Frank Zappa,
the Byrds, Pink Floyd, Rush
Moog Synthesizer(穆格电子合成器
1970s electronic music & social dancing
Orchestral music over rhythm section
Origins: African-American, Latin-Caribbean, queer nightlife in NYC
goes mainstream, late 1970s
Giorgio Morodor and Donna Summer, “I Feel Love” 1977
Disco
Chicago, late-1970s and 80s
Frankie Knuckles
Initially for gay, Black men, expanded to wider audiences
Disco, soul, rock, R&B, drum machines, synthesizers
House
Underground, often illegal, after-hours dance parties, 1980s
Interface between technology and drugs
Working-class communities, England, Germany, then San Francisco and NY
Trance= shift in consciousness & identity
Rave
Event-based (Tomorrowland, Ultra Europe, Electric Daisy Carnival, Miami Ultra)
Peaked in the 2010s
Crossed over with other genres
Inclusiveness (audience)
P.L.U.R= Peace, Love, Unity and Respect (DJ Frankie Bones)
Exclusiveness (creators)
Male-dominate
EDM
Gender ideologies are most often codified as religious, moral or legal systems that
justify relations between the genders.
gender binary
The capacity of individuals to act independently and make their own free choices
(Barker)
agency
Hatred, dislike or mistrust of women
misogyny
Discrimination or devaluation based on a person’s sex
sexism
A collection of movements and ideologies aimed at defining, establishing, and
defending equal political, economic, and social rights for women
Feminism
Seneca Falls Convention, 1848
Issues: voting rights, access to education, property rights
UMD admits women, 1916
19th Amendment, 1920
1st wave Feminism
Having both female and male characteristics.
Being neither distinguishably masculine nor feminine, as in dress, appearance,
or behavior.
androgyny
The study of how different identity categories interact and affect one another,
particularly how patterns of discrimination overlap
intersectionality
erosion of gender binary
new categories of gender and sexual identities
non-binary, transgender, cisgender
LGBTQIA+
postgenderism
