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Criminology Midterm > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

About what percent of arson fires are set by individuals under 18?

A

Fifty percent

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2
Q

Merton’s strain theory would have the most trouble explaining which crime?

A

Assault

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3
Q

Deviance is simply any act that violates what?

A

Society’s norm

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4
Q

Which of the following is NOT a crime against persons?

A

arson

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5
Q

Crime is a straightforward, easy topic to research and study.

A

false

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6
Q

Crime is a straightforward, easy topic to research and study.

A

false

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7
Q

Statistics on arson are limited in the sense that only fires classified as arson are reported to agencies like the FBI.

A

true

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8
Q

Who are individuals who let burglars know about attractive targets?

A

Tipsters

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9
Q

In Merton’s strain theory, which category involves individuals accepting the societal goal by using new ways of reaching that goal?

A

Innovation

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10
Q

The FBI collects which crime statistics?

A

Uniform Crime reports

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11
Q

Researchers have ruled out pollution as a potential cause of crime.

A

False

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12
Q

Which theory says that people have differing amounts of access to illegitimate means of reaching society’s goals?

A

Differential opportunity theory

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13
Q

When a group is experiencing a lot of upheaval or social change for some reason, crime may increase, according to social disorganization theory.

A

true

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14
Q

Homicide is the most frequent crime.

A

False

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15
Q

Social sickness is also called what?

A

Social Pathology

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16
Q

Projects like the Human Genome Project may help us better understand why people commit crimes.

A

True

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17
Q

Most items taken through larceny are taken from where?

A

Cars

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18
Q

If there is no what, there is no crime?

A

Law

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19
Q

Property crimes have been declining since the early 1970s.

A

true

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20
Q

A criminologist is an individual who studies crime and criminals.

A

true

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21
Q

Human actions that violate the formalized laws of a country are known as what?

A

Crimes

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22
Q

The NCVS generally reveals more crime than the UCR.

A

True

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23
Q

Harold G. Grasmick suggested that people with low self-control are drawn to risk-taking behaviors that are exciting and dangerous.

A

True

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24
Q

What is one possible problem with the statistics in the NCVS?

A

People may not accurately report the crime that they have experienced.

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25
Q

In about what percent of home robberies does the victim know the offender?

A

forty percent

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26
Q

Mens rea literally means what?

A

Guilty mind

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27
Q

The substantial-capacity test states that an individual should have the mental capacity to understand that an act is wrong or conform his or her behavior to the law.

A

True

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28
Q

Research indicates that most robberies involve little planning on the part of offenders.

A

true

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29
Q

What are formal norms called?

A

Laws

30
Q

Insanity pleas do not happen as often in real life as on television.

A

True

31
Q

Some studies have found that about two-thirds of all individuals have shoplifted at some point in their life.

A

true

32
Q

Radical criminology theories argue that crime, like most human behavior, is learned through watching other people and interacting with them.

A

False

33
Q

Mens rea is the actual act that the person is accused of.

A

False

34
Q

Criminologists do not believe that biology has any effect on crime.

A

False

35
Q

With the adaptation of rebellion, people reject both the goal and the means of reaching the goal, but replace them with different goals and means of reaching them.

A

true

36
Q

Crime and deviance refer to the same actions and behaviors.

A

False

37
Q

The Uniform Crime Reports involve giving a survey to individuals to see if they have been victimized within a given time period.

A

False

38
Q

Experiments are most common in which discipline?

A

Psychology

39
Q

Which of the following is someone who collects and examines evidence in actual crimes?

A

Criminalist

40
Q

Who proposed 30 different suggestions for why crime remained high in some areas even when there was high population turn-over?

A

Rodney Stark

41
Q

Cloward and Ohlin argued that some people have greater access to illegal opportunities than other people.

A

True

42
Q

Experiments are very common in criminology, but not in psychology.

A

False

43
Q

Experiments are very common in criminology, but not in psychology.

A

False

44
Q

Which theory argues that crime is due to social conflict, social change, and a lack of consensus in the group?

A

Social disorganization theory

45
Q

Bandura argued that once a person had learned aggressive behavior, something had to trigger it.

A

true

46
Q

One study in 2004 found that only two states in the United States had laws and regulations, which affected the reintegration of former offenders to society.

A

False

47
Q

In official statistics, crime is which of the following?

A

Under-reported

48
Q

What are norms that have an underlying shared assumption of approval or disapproval?

A

Mores

49
Q

Mass murders are homicides that involve the murder of several individuals in at least three separate events.

A

False

50
Q

Which theory reflects the idea that it is the type of place that makes a difference in crime, more than the kinds of people that live in a certain place?

A

Theory of deviant places

51
Q

Merton argued that anomie occurs when society emphasizes a goal but the accepted means to achieve that goal are inadequate.

A

true

52
Q

One of the most common research methods in criminology is which of the following?

A

Surveys

53
Q

Crime statistics are incredibly accurate.

A

False

54
Q

Most criminologists and criminalists think that profiling does not produce any usable information.

A

False

55
Q

For criminologists, social structure includes only the physical features and landscape of a place.

A

False

56
Q

What are external forces that influence our actions and lives?

A

Social conditions

56
Q

Shoplifting accounts for more business loss than employee theft.

A

False

57
Q

Crime statistics indicate that arson is the most frequent property crime.

A

False

58
Q

The hormone testosterone has been linked to aggression.

A

True

59
Q

Who argued that deviance has benefits for society?

A

Emile Durkheim

60
Q

Criminologists don’t believe that the social environment has any effect on crime.

A

False

61
Q

Youths between the ages of 13 and 18 who set fires often have a history of setting fires.

A

True

62
Q

Secondary deviance is continued deviance.

A

True

63
Q

Differential opportunity theory argues that we all have the same opportunity to commit crimes, indicating that it is something about the person which determines who becomes a criminal and who does not.

A

False

64
Q

What is the scientific study of crime called?

A

Criminology

65
Q

Anomie means what?

A

Normlessness

65
Q

Which theory examines how geographical location and features in that location affect crime?

A

Environmental criminology

66
Q

What is deviant in one place or in one time period may not be deviant in other places or in other time periods.

A

True

67
Q

Females are more likely to be the perpetrator of homicide than males.

A

False

68
Q

If you commit a crime under duress, what does this mean?

A

You were forced to commit the crime.

69
Q

Phrenology suggested that by seeing or feeling a person’s skull, we could have insight into their personality and which characteristics were over or under developed.

A

True

70
Q

Constitutional theories are those that explain crime as related to psychological attributes.

A

False

Criminology Midterm (1 decks)

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