Midterm Flashcards
What is health promotion
the process of enabling people to increase control over and improve their health
what is the world health organization definition of health
health is state of complete physical, mental, and social well being, not merely absence of disease infirmity
describe factors of health from a social, physical and mental state
social- friends, family, sports teams, club
physical- exercise, eating healthy, avoiding drugs/alcohol
mental- dealing with stress, staying educated, feeling good about yourself
what is socioecological framework, describe it
our health and behaviour is influenced by several intersecting factors
what are the 2 main approaches in health promotion
- individual: initiatives designed to help individual level. requires more from the person making the health behaviour change. Most/all succeed with this approach
- population: initiatives designed to support change in larger collective group. takes into account equity and access on large scale, requiring less from person on their own
describe health impact pyramid
(from top to bottom) counselling and education, clinical intervention, long lasting protective interventions, changing context to make individual default decisions healthy, socioeconomic factors
population impact increases going down pyramid
individual effort needed increases down to up
what is the ottawa charter
first global health promotion conference held in 1986 with 5 key actions to be addressed globally for health
what are the 5 key actions of the ottawa charter
- building healthy policies: protects health of individuals and communities
- creating supportive environments: increase ability of people to make healthy choices in their settings. create active spaces
- strengthening community action: collective actions of community to improve health
- Developing personal skills: strengthen protective factors, reduce risk factors and improve health determinants
- reorienting health services: supports personal and social developments, provide information, education and life skills to make positive health choices
what are barriers to physical activity in canada
time (biggest barrier), self-efficacy, environmental factors, financial limitation, lack of representation, resources/assistance
what are social determinants of health
conditions in environment where person is born, lives, works and grows. environment has direct impact on ones health and their ability to control, improve and manage their health
what are the domains of social determinants of health
- economic stability
- education
- health care access and quality
- built environment
- social network community
how does economic stability affect health?
lower household income predicts higher risk of chronic disease and poor health behaviours
fast food chains more apparent in lower income neighbourhoods
how does education affect health?
lower education is predictive of lower activity levels
direct relationship between lower education and lower self-efficacy to be active
how does health care access and quality affect health?
rural communities are more spread out compared to other communites
quality of fitness facilities is not equal across canada
limitations due to less funding, physical distance, less professionals in region
how does built environment affect health
food deserts are present in urban settings, difficulty to buy quality fresh foods
safe housing, neighbourhood safety, pollution and air quality, transportation and walkability
