Midterm Flashcards
anatomy definition
study of the body structures and their relation
physiology definition
the study of how the body works and each parts function
11 systems in the body
urinary, reproductive, integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, circulatory, endocrine, lymphatic, digestive, respiratory
axial region
head, vertebral column, trunk
appendicular region
upper limbs and lower limbs
anterior/ventral
towards the front/stomach
posterior/dorsal
towards the back
superior/cephalic/cranial
above, on top of, towards the head
inferior/caudal
below, towards the tail
lateral
further form the midline
medial
nearer to the midline
proximal
closer to the point of origin
distal
further from the point of origin
3 planes of reference
sagittal/median, coronal/frontal, and transverse/axial
sagittal/median
left and right
coronal/frontal
front and back
transverse/axial
top and bottom
dorsal cavity
cranial and vertebral
ventral cavity
thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic
thoracic
heart and lungs
abdominal
digestive organs
pelvic
urinary, rectum, and reproductive
flexion
bending/increasing tension
extension
bending/increasing angle
posterior movement
abduction
moving away from midline
adduction
moving toward midline
protraction
moving jaw anteriorly
retraction
moving jaw posteriorly
elevation
raising movement
depression
lowering movement
circumduction
circular movement
four basic tissue types
epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous
epithelial tissue
lines the surfaces and cavities of organs
connective tissue
supports, connects, or separates different types of tissues and organs of the body
muscular tissue
stabilizes body position, produces motion, moves substances within the body
3 types of muscular tissue
skeletal, smooth, and cardiac
nervous tissue
tissue of the nervous system like brain, spinal cord, and nerves; also processes and transmits information
two main types of nervous tissue
neurons use electrical impulses and chemical signals to transmit information and neuroglia provide physical support, remove debris, and provide electrical insulation
upper respiratory tract
nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx
lower respiratory tract
pulmonary airways: trachea, bronchi, lungs (3 right lobes, 2 left lobes)