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Oral Communication > MidTerm > Flashcards

MidTerm Flashcards

1
Q

Latin root word of communication and its meaning

A

communicare = “to share” or “to make common”

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2
Q

What is Communication?

A

the process by which people share ideas, experience, knowledge and feelings through the transmission of symbolic messages

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3
Q

Pre-Historic communication can be seen where?

A

Pictographs

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4
Q

Evolution of Communication

A

Pre-Historic - Movable Type - Mass Publication - E-mail - Social Media

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5
Q

Nature of Communication

A

> Communication is a Process
Communication Occurs Between 2 or More People
Communication is Both Spoken and Written

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6
Q

What does the nature: Communication is a Process, mean?

A

the actions taken to communicate

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7
Q

Elements of Communication

A 
Sender
Message
Encoding
Channel
Decoding
Feedback

(addtl: Context & Barriers)

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8
Q

The Different Versions of Models of Communication

A 
Aristotle's
Harold Dwight Laswell's
Shannon-Weaver
Schramm's
David Berlo's
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9
Q

what type of model of communication was Aristotle’s?

A

speaker-centered; one-way

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10
Q

What are the roles in Aristotle’s model of communication

A

Source or Speaker (active)

Audience (passive-influenced)

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11
Q

a political scientist & communication theorist

A

Harold Dwight Laswell

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12
Q

Greek Philosopher and writer in Stagira, Northern Greece

A

Aristotle

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13
Q

What is occasion in a model of communication?

A

the context of the message (is it a party ganern?)

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14
Q

What was added in Harold Dwight Laswell’s model?

A

channel

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15
Q

a mathematician and electronic engineer and an American scientist

A

Claude Elwood Shannon

Warren Weaver

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16
Q

What was added in Shannon-Weaver’s model?

A

noise

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17
Q

Parts of Shannon-Weaver’s model and its descriptions?

A

transmitter - device used, encoder of message into signals

channel - signals adapted for transmission

receiver - decoder of message from the signal

technical problem - how a channel causes a problem

semantic problem - meaning of message sent and received is diff.

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18
Q

Father of Mass Communication

A

Wilbur Schramm

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19
Q

whose communication model do we use today?

A

Wilbur Schramm

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20
Q

In Wilbur Schramm, how was the communication?

A

it was not linear, it was bilateral

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21
Q

What was added in Wilbur Schramm’s model?

A

feedback, field of experience

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22
Q

What is emphasized in Schramm’s model?

A

process of encoding and decoding

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23
Q

How can messages be complicated?

A

different meaning - denotative, connotative

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24
Q

A student of Schramm

A

David Berlo

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25
Q

Name of Berlo’s Model

A

SMCR (Source, Message, Channel, Receiver)

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26
Q

Why was Berlo’s Model criticized?

A

linear model - there was no feedback and

the effect on the speaker was not mentioned

both of the people must have similar everything

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27
Q

Functions of Communication

A 
Control
Motivation
Social Interaction
Emotional Expression
Information Dissemination
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28
Q

what does Control function mean?

A

control behavior; power to regulate, direct, or dominate

29
Q

what does Motivation function mean?

A

encouraging people to live better

30
Q

what does Social Interaction function mean?

A

interaction = make uncommon things common; have a connection

31
Q

what does Emotional Expression function mean?

A

sharing feelings

32
Q

The 7 Facial Expressions

A 
Happy
Surprise
Contempt
Sadness
Anger
Disgust
Fear
33
Q

what does Information Dissemination function mean?

A

conveying information

34
Q

how to give correct information?

A 
always tell the truth
be specific
be brief and to the point
avoid using jargons
be precise
35
Q

human communication through spoken language

A

Speech

36
Q

Speech is sharing through?

A

audible or visual codes

37
Q

the situation or environment and circumstances where the speech took place

A

Intrapersonal

Interpersonal

38
Q

Types of Intrapersonal Speech Context

A

thinking
vocal
written

39
Q

Types of Interpersonal Speech Context

A

dyadic - 2 people

small group - 3 to 12 people

public - group of people

mass communication - aid of mass media technology

40
Q

the form of language used characterized by the degree of formality

A

Speech Styles

41
Q

Who created the Five Clocks?

A

Martin Joos

42
Q

What are the Five Clocks determined by?

A

context and degree of familiarity or intimacy

43
Q

The Five Clocks

A 
Intimate
Casual
Consultative
Formal
Frozen
44
Q

What does casual communication use?

A

use of jargon, slang, or the vernacular language

45
Q

standard or professionally acceptable language

A

Consultative

46
Q

one-way in formal settings

A

Formal

47
Q

What is the definition of Speech Acts?

A

utterances defined in terms of a speaker’s intention and the effect it has and the action that would be done by the listener

48
Q

What are Speech Acts?

A

Locutionary Act
Illocutionary Act
Perlocutionary Act

49
Q

what is a Locutionary Act?

A

utterance; actual act of uttering

50
Q

what is an Illocutionary Act?

A

speaker’s intention with those utterances;

social function of what was said

51
Q

Types of Illocutionary Act

A 
Assertive
Directive
Commissive
Expressive
Declaration
52
Q

Illocutionary Act that expresses belief about the truth of a proposition

A

Assertive

53
Q

Illocutionary Act where the speaker tries to make the addressee to perform an action

A

Directive

54
Q

Illocutionary Act that commits speaker to doing something in the future

A

Commissive

55
Q

Illocutionary Act where the speaker express his/her feelings or emotional reactions

A

Expressive

56
Q

Illocutionary Act that bring a change to the external situation

A

Declaration

57
Q

what is a Perlocutionary Act?

A

resulting actions from the speaker’s locution

58
Q

what are Communicative Strategies according to Pena and Anudin (2016)?

A

attempts by the participants in a communication activity to express his/her idea that minimizes breakdown in communication

59
Q

According to _____, Communicative Strategies are attempts by the participants in a communication activity to express his/her idea that minimizes breakdown in communication

A

Pena and Anudin (2016)

60
Q

What do Communicative Strategies prevent?

A

miscommunication

61
Q

form of smooth interaction from the speaker and listeners

A

Topic Management

62
Q

Topic Managements

A 
Nomination
Restriction
Turn-taking
Topic Control
Topic Shifting
Repair 
Termination
63
Q

What does Nomination Management mean?

A

start a topic is known by both speaker and listener

64
Q

What does Restriction Management mean?

A

keep the topic manageable and specific

65
Q

What does Turn-taking Management mean?

A

changing from speaker to listener as communication continues

66
Q

What does Topic Control Management mean?

A

focus must be on the sole topic; limit jumping into another idea

67
Q

What does Topic Shifting Management mean?

A
  • introducing a new topic from the previous one
68
Q

What does Repair Management mean?

A

clarification; rephrasing; reiterate

69
Q

What does Termination Management mean?

A

ending the conversation in a proper manner

Oral Communication (1 decks)

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