Midterm 1 Terms And Definitions

Question 1

Acclimation

Answer 1

Physiological adjustment made within a single organism in response to environmental factor changes (like temp)

Question 2

Carrying Capacity

Answer 2

Theoretical max pop size in given location
Represented by K

Question 3

Community ecology

Answer 3

Scientific study of how size of interactive effects among multiple species of predators, parasites, mutualisms and competitors which affect composition, distribution and abundance of species within particular area

Question 4

Predators

Answer 4

+ -

Question 5

Parasites

Answer 5

+ -

Question 6

Mutualists

Answer 6

+ +

Question 7

Competitors

Answer 7

• -

Question 8

Competitive interaction

Answer 8

Interaction between 2 or more individuals which each individual have negative impacts on the others resource access

Question 9

Control

Answer 9

Experimental units which the experimental treatment is NOT applied
Controls serve as baseline to which experimental units that do receive that treatment are compared to

Question 10

Diffusion dispersal

Answer 10

Gradual spread of limits of a species geographic range over ecological time

Question 11

Dispersal

Answer 11

Typically permanent exodus from 1 pop into anothr

Question 12

Ecology

Answer 12

Scientific study of enviro factors controlling distribution and abundance of organisms
Focuses on understanding mechanisms causing patterns in species distribution in natural world and how these changes over multiple generations or over geological time

Question 13

Ecosystem ecology

Answer 13

Scientific study of how nutrient cycling and NRG flow through an ecosystem affects composition, distribution, and abundance of species within particular area

Question 14

Expanding pop

Answer 14

Pop that is in process of increasing its geographic range

Question 15

Experimental treatment

Answer 15

In an experiment, it’s the manipulation applied to experimental unit

Question 16

Experimental unit

Answer 16

In an experiment, the subject who the treatment is being applied to

Question 17

Hypothesis

Answer 17

Proposed explanation for observed patterns used to generate predictions possible of testing

Question 18

Immigration

Answer 18

Movement of organism into pop

Question 19

Interference competition

Answer 19

Form of competition in which an individual directly harming another individual to prevent them from accessing a SHARED resource or otherwise interferes with another individual attempting to access shared resource EVEN IF RESOURCE IS NOT IN SHORT SUPPLY

Question 20

INTRE specific competition

Answer 20

Competitive interaction between individuals of DIFFERENT SPECIES

Question 21

INTRA specific competition

Answer 21

Competitive interaction between individuals of SAME SPECIES

Question 22

Jump dispersal

Answer 22

Long distance movement of particular individuals often with aid of wind or other species, followed by successful establishment of new population

Question 23

Liebig’s Law of the Minimum

Answer 23

Rate of biological process limited to factor available in least amount relative to organisms requirements

Question 24

Limiting factor

Answer 24

Component of organisms enviro constraining pop size and slows or stops its growth
Scarcity of limiting factor can lead to competition

Question 25

Macro ecology

Answer 25

Scientific study of regional processes and patterns, all landscapes are part of regions, which are subject to large scale and long term regional processes

Question 26

Migration

Answer 26

Seasonal movement of individuals from one location to anoterh

Question 27

Pop

Answer 27

Group of individual from single species inhabiting defined area

Question 28

Pop ecology

Answer 28

Scientific study of enviro influences in pop distribution, age structure and growth

Question 29

Prediction

Answer 29

Proposed outcome of experiment that’s designed to determine if hypothesis is supported or not

Question 30

Randomization

Answer 30

In an experiment, assignment of treatment and control status to experimental units without bias (maybe through number generator)

Question 31

Replication

Answer 31

In an experiment, number of experimental units to which an treatment is applied and number of experimental units to which control status is conferred

Question 32

Resource competition

Answer 32

Use of a shared and limiting resource by 2 or more individuals that results in reduction in availability of resource (individuals may NEVER meet)

Question 33

Secular dispersal

Answer 33

Diffusion and local adaptation of species over geological time

Question 34

Shelfords law of tolerance

Answer 34

Distribution of species controlled by environmental factor for which organism has narrowest range of tolerance

Question 35

Species richness

Answer 35

Number of species present in given area

Question 36

Fundamental niche

Answer 36

Physical conditions under which a species might live, in the absence of interactions with other species

Question 37

Realized niche

Answer 37

Actual niche of species whose distribution is restricted by biotic interactions, like competition, predation, desirable and behaviour

Question 38

Niche

Answer 38

Set of biotic and abiotic conditions which an organism is able to survive and reproduce

Question 39

Allometry

Answer 39

Study of scaling between body size and various biological functions, including shape, anatomy, physiology and behaviour

Question 40

Fecundity

Answer 40

Number of offspring produced by an organism

Question 41

Survivorship curve

Answer 41

Graphical summary of patterns of survival in a pop