Midterm 1 Identification terms

Question 1

The American Paradox-Jamestown, 1619 (Identification)

Answer 1

The American paradox means that both slavery and freedom were used at the same time in the American History.
- In Jamestown, the first African American men were not slaves and were free people
- Jamestown was the start of british freedom, yet also the start of slavery.

Question 2

The Missouri Compromise (identification)

Answer 2

• Federal legislation that balanced desires of northern and southern states
• Missouri as a slave state (giving the south advantage), and Maine as a free state
• No slavery in the remaining louisiana purchase (argues by southerners 3/5ths rule)

Question 3

Southern Black Codes (identification)

Answer 3

• Laws that made african american men as close to slavery as possible
• Restricting rights (interracial marrage, property)
• contacts for labor, whipping allowed under a judges order, must be returned if thet quit
• pressure under freemen to sign contracts, unemployed blacks could be arrested
• no possesion of firearms, not allowed any occupation besides farmer/servent unless alowed by a judge

Question 4

Andrew Johnson’s Impeachment (identification)

Answer 4

• feburary 1869 for high crimes and misdemenors
• violates tenure of office act
• removing the secretary of war and replacing him, when congress passed the act over johnsons veto (wanting to fire the current secretary)
• Helped to balance federal legislative - executive power

Question 5

Manifest Destiny (identification)

Answer 5

• phrase coined in 1845
• the idea that the united states was destined by god to expand its dominion and spread democracy and capitalism across north america
• excused any mistreatment of native americans and anyone non-european

Question 6

Compromise (Bargain) of 1877 (identification)

Answer 6

• unwritten deal between the united states congress and the disputed 1876 presidental election between republican Hayes and democrat Tilden.
• Democrates agreeing to let Hayes win if he withdrew the army from the south
• withdrew the last federal troops in the south, ended the reconstruction era

Question 7

Kansas-Nebraska Act (identification)

Answer 7

• territorial organic act which created the territories of kansas and nebraska
• the bill was produced by setphan douglas in hopes on developing the railroad
• Yet when pass it repealed the missouri compromise

Question 8

Vertical/Horizontal Integration (identification)

Answer 8

• horizontal integration is when a company takes over another that operates the same level in an industry (expand size, diversify new products, reduce competition)
• veritcal involves the acquisition of business operations within the same production vertical (boost profit and allow companies more access to consumers)

Question 9

1860 Presidential Election (identification)

Answer 9

• republican abraham lincoln, southern democratic john breckinridge, union john bell, democratic Douglas
• Lincoln won the popularity vote, Douglas was his biggest competitor for northern votes
• seven southern states voted Breckinridge, bell winning 3, Douglas 1

Question 10

Gospel of Wealth (identification)

Answer 10

• written by Andrew Carnegie
  Stating that the responsibility of wealth meant using it in a responsible and thoughtful manner

Question 11

Lincoln and the Border States (identification)

Answer 11

• border states were critical to winning the war
• Kentucky strategic, could threaten boarder states (4!)
• Mississippi River advantage

Question 12

Social Darwinism (identification)

Answer 12

• The idea that survival of the fittest should be implemented into economics and politics
• strength is rewarded and weakness is punished
• supported racism and imperialism

Question 13

George McClellan (identification)

Answer 13

• union major general
• raising a well trained army, army of the Potomac
• created the first large-scale offensive in eastern areas, making a clockwise movement around the confederate army
• Lincoln had distrust in him

Question 14

Knights of Labor (Identification)

Answer 14

• American labor federation
• Everyone was welcome no matter race or gender
• demanding cultural uplift of the worker, ending child labor, 8 hour work day

Question 15

Emancipation Proclamation (identification)

Answer 15

• Issues by Lincoln after the war, freeing all African Americans
• were allowed to “be received into the armed forces of the United States”
• Said that the executive branch had to recognize and maintain freedom
• provided legal framework for the liberation
  -never challenged in court

Question 16

Science of Marketing (Identification)

Answer 16

• made to understand customers needs, using scientific method to fulfill them
• brand names
• mass marketing
• brand loyalty
• chains

Question 17

Sherman’s Capture of Atlanta/March to the Sea (identification)

Answer 17

• Conducted by union general Sherman, with his troops leaving Atlanta, until it ended with the capture of port savannah
• “scorched earth policy” destroying anything in it’s path, weakened the south in more then one ways
• He had no supply lines