Midterm 1 GS Flashcards
Formalistic representation
Examines the process of authorization and accountability. Normative black hole. Emphasizes these institutional procedures by which an agent acquires the authority to act.
Descriptive representation
Focuses on the resemblance or correspondence between the representative and the represented.
Symbolic representation
Captures the ways that a representative “stands for” the represented. The reaction of the represented is constitutive of this. The feelings generated by “the king” are like those generated by a flag.
Substantive representation
Refers to the behavior of acting on behalf of, in the interest of, as an agent, or as a substitute for the represented.
Substantive representation
Refers to the behavior of acting on behalf of, in the interest of, as an agent, or as a substitute for the represented.
Positive peace
Galtung. More lasting peace that is built on sustainable investments in economic development and institutions as well as societal attitudes that foster peace.
Negative peace
boulding. Defined by the absence of war and violence. Does not capture a society’s tendencies towards stability and harmony.
Direct violence
overt harm, results from intentional action
Indirect violence
structural/ institutional violence, has psychological aspects, cultural violence
Just war theory
deals with the justification of how and why wars are fought. If a war is for self-defense it is just. The right to go to war and the right conduct in war (protecting innocent lives)
Terrorism
the use of unlawful violence or threat violence to create fear (from one country to another usually?)
Structural vs cultural violence
structural violence is social force that harms certain groups of people, producing perpetuating inequality in health and well-being. Cultural Violence is from one culture to another (us vs them).
Retributive justice
eye for an eye. Crime deserves punishment.
Rehabilitative justice
crime as a social problem. Focuses on treatment/ non-recidivism, medical metaphors: curative, preventative
Restorative justice
“a system of criminal justice which focuses on the rehabilitation of offenders through reconciliation with victims and the community at large”
Redistributive justice
system of criminal justice based on the punishment of offenders rather than on rehabilitation.
Justice as recognition
justice as recognizing and moving past wrongdoing
“Classical”/ justice cosmopolitanism
all in one cosmopolitanism, the Individual morally evaluates the concern or what is “owed” by moral right.
Cultural cosmopolitanism
people from many different countries and cultures in a collective world formation.
Identity
The distinguished character or personality of an individual.
Tradition
all ideologies are traditions. Used to describe and evaluate the world. Theories we use to make sense of the world and then adapt. Understanding ourselves and others.
Community
groups, associations, institutions. Groups whose members do not exploit one another or behave unjustly to one another, acknowledge each other as members. Safe space.
