Midterm 1-Greek Flashcards
Who’s the Greek cosmogenic source?
Hesiod
Examples of Hesiod’s work
Theogony
Works and Days
Shield of Herakles
What does Theogony mean?
Birth of gods
What does the Theogony describe?
How Olympians/Zeus came to power
What does PanHellenic mean?
All-Greece ideas of gods and country
What are the key themes in the Theogony?
Conflict between generations due to succession
Legitimacy of power
Chaos vs order
Role of divine inspiration
Which order did the first four gods in the Theogony appear in?
- Chaos
- Gaia
- Tartarus
- Eros
Who are Chaos’ children?
Night/Nyx
Erebus(darkness)
Night + Erebus children?
Aether
Day
Who are the first four gods that appeared in the Thoegony and Hesiod used to describe the cosmos?
Chaos
Gaia (Earth)
Tartarus
Eros (Sexual desire)
Nyx + Erebus children?
Aether (light)
Day
Children of Gaia?
Ouranos/Sky/Heaven
Mountain
Pontus (barren sea)
Gaia + Ouranos children?
Ocean (fertile sea)
Monsters
Cronos
Why did Gaia want to kill Ouranos?
He hid all of their children inside her
How did Ouranos die?
Gaia made a sickle of flint and told Cronos to kill his father
How was Aphrodite born?
Ouranos’ castrated genitals were thrown into the ocean and Aphrodite was born
Who are the Titans?
Children of Ouranos
Six sons and six daughters
What are the ages of mankind in Hesiod’s Works and Days?
Golden Age
Silver Age
Bronze Age
Heroic Age
Iron Age (Hesiod’s time)
How does Hesiod describe Prometheus?
Trickster god
How humans discovered fire
Punished in Tartarus (eagle eats his liver everyday)
Messes with sacrifices to gods
Son of Iapetus and Clymene
Who’s the leader of the Titans?
Cronos
How does Cronus deal with his and Rhea’s children?
He is suspicious that he will be overthrown by his children just as his father was
He eats his children when they’re born
Who is Rhea?
A Titan
Cronus’ sister
Had Cronus’ children
What was Rhea’s solution to deal with Cronus eating their children?
She went to the island of Crete to give birth to Zeus (the youngest)
She chose Crete because there are many monsters on the island that makes a lot of noise which hides baby Zeus
She gives Cronus a stone to eat instead of Zeus
What does Zeus do to his father?
He rescues his siblings
He makes Cronus throw up his siblings
Who are the Olympians (siblings of Zeus)?
Hera
Hestia
Poseiden
Demeter
(Hades is not an Olympian-he lives in the Underworld, not Olympus)
Who are the future Olympians (children of Zeus)?
Artemis
Apollo
Dionysus
Athena
Ares
Hephaestus
How did Athens get its name?
Both Athena and Poseidon came to Attica to be the patron of Attica
Poseidon gave them mastery over the sea (but the Greeks were already good at navigating the seas)
Athena gave them an olive tree (one of the main exports of Greece and olive can be used as food)
The king (Cecrops) gave Attica to Athena
