Midterm 1-Greek

Question 1

Who’s the Greek cosmogenic source?

Answer 1

Hesiod

Question 2

Examples of Hesiod’s work

Answer 2

Theogony
Works and Days
Shield of Herakles

Question 3

What does Theogony mean?

Answer 3

Birth of gods

Question 4

What does the Theogony describe?

Answer 4

How Olympians/Zeus came to power

Question 5

What does PanHellenic mean?

Answer 5

All-Greece ideas of gods and country

Question 6

What are the key themes in the Theogony?

Answer 6

Conflict between generations due to succession
Legitimacy of power
Chaos vs order
Role of divine inspiration

Question 7

Which order did the first four gods in the Theogony appear in?

Answer 7

1. Chaos
2. Gaia
3. Tartarus
4. Eros

Question 8

Who are Chaos’ children?

Answer 8

Night/Nyx
Erebus(darkness)

Question 9

Night + Erebus children?

Answer 9

Aether
Day

Question 10

Who are the first four gods that appeared in the Thoegony and Hesiod used to describe the cosmos?

Answer 10

Chaos
Gaia (Earth)
Tartarus
Eros (Sexual desire)

Question 11

Nyx + Erebus children?

Answer 11

Aether (light)
Day

Question 12

Children of Gaia?

Answer 12

Ouranos/Sky/Heaven
Mountain
Pontus (barren sea)

Question 13

Gaia + Ouranos children?

Answer 13

Ocean (fertile sea)
Monsters
Cronos

Question 14

Why did Gaia want to kill Ouranos?

Answer 14

He hid all of their children inside her

Question 15

How did Ouranos die?

Answer 15

Gaia made a sickle of flint and told Cronos to kill his father

Question 16

How was Aphrodite born?

Answer 16

Ouranos’ castrated genitals were thrown into the ocean and Aphrodite was born

Question 17

Who are the Titans?

Answer 17

Children of Ouranos
Six sons and six daughters

Question 18

What are the ages of mankind in Hesiod’s Works and Days?

Answer 18

Golden Age
Silver Age
Bronze Age
Heroic Age
Iron Age (Hesiod’s time)

Question 19

How does Hesiod describe Prometheus?

Answer 19

Trickster god
How humans discovered fire
Punished in Tartarus (eagle eats his liver everyday)
Messes with sacrifices to gods
Son of Iapetus and Clymene

Question 20

Who’s the leader of the Titans?

Answer 20

Cronos

Question 21

How does Cronus deal with his and Rhea’s children?

Answer 21

He is suspicious that he will be overthrown by his children just as his father was
He eats his children when they’re born

Question 22

Who is Rhea?

Answer 22

A Titan
Cronus’ sister
Had Cronus’ children

Question 23

What was Rhea’s solution to deal with Cronus eating their children?

Answer 23

She went to the island of Crete to give birth to Zeus (the youngest)
She chose Crete because there are many monsters on the island that makes a lot of noise which hides baby Zeus
She gives Cronus a stone to eat instead of Zeus

Question 24

What does Zeus do to his father?

Answer 24

He rescues his siblings
He makes Cronus throw up his siblings

Question 25

Who are the Olympians (siblings of Zeus)?

Answer 25

Hera
Hestia
Poseiden
Demeter
(Hades is not an Olympian-he lives in the Underworld, not Olympus)

Question 26

Who are the future Olympians (children of Zeus)?

Answer 26

Artemis
Apollo
Dionysus
Athena
Ares
Hephaestus

Question 27

How did Athens get its name?

Answer 27

Both Athena and Poseidon came to Attica to be the patron of Attica
Poseidon gave them mastery over the sea (but the Greeks were already good at navigating the seas)
Athena gave them an olive tree (one of the main exports of Greece and olive can be used as food)
The king (Cecrops) gave Attica to Athena