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Midterm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

sovereignty

A

ultimate political power

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2
Q

tyranny

A

leader > chaos

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3
Q

anarchy

A

people > chaos

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4
Q

the divine right of kings

A

god destined kings to be the ‘father’ of his subjects. rebelling would go against 5th commandment

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5
Q

founding

A

a conscious, deliberate act of creating a system of government

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6
Q

key values in human society

A

freedom, virtue, welfare

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7
Q

classical republicanism

A

claims made on the individual

people can be corrupt, teach good values

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8
Q

liberalism

A

Individual freedom

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9
Q

theocracy

A

gods rule through ecclesiastical means

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10
Q

aristocracy

A

the wise or wealthy

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11
Q

democracy

A

the people

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12
Q

pre-reformation thinking

A

defying the king, you’re defying god

god > pope/ king> people

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13
Q

luthers ideals

A

god > people> state
read scriptures, dont need priest
origin of american individualism

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14
Q

john calvin/ puritan theology

A

all are fallen/ totally depraved
“elect” saved/ preserved by grace alone
no rewards for human behavior

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15
Q

city on a hill

A

civil society/ body politic, individual helps > glorify god

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16
Q

natural liberty

A

total freedom

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17
Q

civil liberty

A

restrictions will lead to greater freedom ‘covenant to god’

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18
Q

natural and civil liberty, who said?

A

John winthrop

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19
Q

roger williams

A

wrote ‘city on a hill’
rhode island
freedom of religion
god doesn’t want persecution/violence

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20
Q

john cotton

A

power corrupts
less power in line with god
pope> thinks hes corrupt called him ‘the beast’

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21
Q

cotton mather

A

‘two callings’ serve god, serve job

everyone has a distinct role to play, ‘protestant work ethic’ doing your best, working hard

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22
Q

Aristotle political philosophy

A

Cheerleading example.
Telos: the purpose end or essential nature.
Things rewarded to those who have the most telos.

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23
Q

Libertarianism

A

No paternalism
No distribution of wealth
No morals legislation
Any state beyond the minimal state is illegitimate

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24
Q

Benjamin Constant

A

Freedom from gov. or the arbitrary will of others. (Modern liberty)

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25
The rule of law
``` Generality Prospectivity Publicity Consent Due process ```
26
Generality
Apply to broad categories, should not know in advance who this will help/hurt.
27
Prospectivity
Future date
28
Publicity
Known and certain. Consistently enforced
29
Consent
Generally accepted
30
Due process
Laws must be administered/forced impartially
31
Jeremy Bentham
Utilitarianism Maximize pleasure, minimize pain. Majority > minority Rights not always upheld No higher or lower pleasures
32
John Stuart Mills
Utilitarianism (Different from Bentham) Don’t just look at immediate situation. Long term Higher and lower pleasures
33
John Locke second treatise
1 in state of nature there is no gov 2 men create social contract 3 gov only job is to protect people’s natural rights 4 gov exists by consent of the governed 5 if gov violates the social contract, people have the right and duty to revolt.
34
William Drayton
Not everyone suites for gov If you are suited, you need to be in a legislative branch (legislature) Legislature- learned people who govern Committee - group of people who aren’t qualified and using liberty for their own gain
35
Johnathan Boucher
Always follow gov unless you have to disobey god.
36
Economic system
A society’s structure for making and distributing goods and services
37
Scarcity
Unlimited wants and limited resources. Forces us to make tough decisions
38
18th century mercantilism
Economic success, stockpiles of gold and silver Taxes and subsidies to encourage exports and discourage imports Kept employees and owners moving to other countries
39
Adam smith
``` Father of economics Doesn’t like mercantilism Market economics, national wealth through free trade 1 value of markets 2 self interest as motivation 3 specialization 4 invisible hand ```
40
Gene Sperling
Regulation is an inherit part of the market economy | As it structures the realm in which fair competition can take place.
41
Demand
As price rises demand decreases
42
Supply
As price rises, suppliers produce more
43
Equilibrium
Price of buyers wish and supplier match. Demand and supply meet.
44
Sandel, Brennan and jaworski
S- everything shouldn’t be on the market, market denatures some goods B- markets! Inequality benefits innovation
45
Comparative action
What I’m giving up is less then what he’s giving up
46
Absolute advantage
100% better at a thing. Giving up same amount.
47
Opportunity cost
The next best thing you give up when you make a decision. Helps calculate comparative and absolute advantage.
48
Price above equilibrium
Surplus
49
Price below equilibrium
Shortage
50
Self evident truths
1 all men created equal 2 we are endowed by creator with certain rights 3 rights> life liberty pursuit of happiness 4 gov purpose, secure rights and receive power by governed 5 gov doesn’t uphold rights> people can abolish or revolt
51
Damon linker
Individualism can go too far Drunk driver analogy Virtue over freedom
52
John Calvin
All are fallen Elect saved No rewards for good behavior
53
Who? Utilitarianism maximize pleasure, minimize pain no higher or lower pleasures
Jeremy Bentham
54
Who? Utilitarianism Long term! higher and lower pleasures
John Stuart Mills
55
Who? | Regulation is an inherit part of the market economy
Gene Sperling
56
Who? Power corrupts Pope- the 'beast'
john cotton
57
Who? 'Christian at his calling' 2 callings everyone has their place
cotton mather
58
who? Individualism can go too far Virtue over freedom
Daman Linker
59
Who? Not everything should be on market Merit Need Chance
Sandel
60
Who? | Always follow gov unless you have to disobey god
Johnathan Boucher
61
who? Read scriptures don't need priest origin of American individualism
Martin Luther
62
Who? all are fallen 'elect saved' no reward for good behavior
John Calvin
63
Who? | Natural and Civil Liberty
John Winthrop
64
Who? Freedom of religion choose your own god City on a hill
Roger williams
65
Who? Freedom from god or the arbitrary will of others (modern liberty)
Benjamin Constant
66
Who? | Second Treatise
John locke
67
Who? everyone not suited for gov must form legistature
William Drayton
68
Who? Father of Economics Markets!
Adam Smith

American Heritage (5 decks)

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