Midterm 1

Question 1

Definition of a nutrient

Answer 1

Chemical substances obtained from food and used in the body to provide energy, structural material and regulating agents for support, growth, maintenance and repair of body tissues.

Question 2

People with lactose intolerance approximatively

Answer 2

70%

Question 3

Foods high in lactose

Answer 3

Low-fat yogurt (15), milk (12), ice cream(9g)

Question 4

Foods high in fiber

Answer 4

Navy beans (10g/0,5cup), pinto & black beans (8g/0,5cup), oatbran (6g/0,5cup)

Question 5

RDI fiber

Answer 5

38g man
25g woman
but average canadian has 11-16g/day

Question 6

Sorbitol in orange juice

Answer 6

6,1g/100g = laxative effect

Question 7

Normal GLU level in blood

Answer 7

4-6mmol/L fasting

Question 8

Glycogen stores

Answer 8

1/3 liver

2/3muscle

Question 9

Diabetes

Answer 9

type 1 = 10%

type 2 = 90%

Question 10

Important symptoms of diabetes

Answer 10

Hyperglycemia = high blood glucose levels
Glycosuria = present of glucose in urine
Polyuria = frequent urination
Polyphagia = excessive eating
Ketosis = ketone bodies are used for energy
Ketonemia = high blood concentration of ketone bodies
Ketonuria = ketone bodies in urine
Polydipsia = extreme thirst

Question 11

Definition and levels of FPG

Answer 11

Fasting plasma glucose. Should be around 4-6mmol. 6,1-6,9 = impaired fasting glucose (IMP, prediabetes)
>7 = diabetes

Question 12

Definition and levels of a1c

Answer 12

Hemoglobin A1C (glucose level for last 3 months). 6,-6,4 = prediabetes. 6,5 = diabetes

Question 13

Added sugars should be no more than

Answer 13

25% of DRI

Question 14

Taste can changed when heated

Answer 14

Cyclamate and aspartame

Question 15

Be careful not to exceed UL for artificial sweeteners called

Answer 15

Cyclamate

Question 16

Oleic acid is present in

Answer 16

Olive oil and canola oil

Question 17

Linoleic acid is present in

Answer 17

soybean, safflower, sunflower and corn oils

Question 18

Linolenic acid is present in

Answer 18

Canola, walnuts, flaxseed and flaxseed oil and soybean

Question 19

CH quantities in body

Answer 19

800-1500 mg by liver

300 mg eaten

Question 20

Lovaza is

Answer 20

tablet of omega3 Fa ethyl ester

Question 21

DRI for saturated omega 3 and omega 6

Answer 21

sat 10%
omega 3 0,6-1,2%
omega 6 5-10%

Question 22

Statins = functions + names

Answer 22

Inhibit HMGCoa reductase (CH synthesis)

Lipitor, crestor

Question 23

In extreme conditions, this AA is essential

Answer 23

Arginine for grand brulé and babies

Question 24

Sickle cell anemia is caused by

Answer 24

a SNP so tRNA brings Val instead of Gly

Question 25

Protein is ___% N

Answer 25

16%

Question 26

Pro, Fat and CHO number of calories

Answer 26

5,65, digestible=5,25, 1,25 excreted =4
9,4 digestible 9
4,15 digestible 4

Question 27

DIAAS is

Answer 27

Digestible indispensable amino acid score