Midterm 1

Question 1

1) _ Wilson and Kellig
2) _ Anderson
3) _ Shaw and McKay
4) _ Sampson and Wilson
5) _ Sampson and Groves
6) _ Sampson and Raidenbush

A) broken windows b) code of the street
C) social disorganization d) rave and urbanizing
E) collective efficacy f) social networks

Answer 1

1) a
2) B
3) c
4) d
5) f
6) e

Question 2

Social disorganization theory:

Answer 2

Neighborhoods with high povert/low SES, residential instability, and immigration concentration lead to delinquency

Question 3

Does social disorganization depend on who lives there? Why?

Answer 3

No

Because it has to Dorothy social conditions of that zone, that then cause a rippling effect

Question 4

What does low social control lead to?

Answer 4

Leads to unsupervised adolescents, which leads to crime

Question 5

Why do unsupervised adolescents lead to crime?

Answer 5

Because adults not likely to intervene when they see adolescents doing something wrong in neighborhood

Question 6

What leads to structural racism? (3)

Answer 6

Less jobs, deindustrialization, white-flight (ppl leaving)

Question 7

Neighborhood concentrated disadvantage:

Answer 7

Historical and contemporary structural discrimination

Question 8

What are the effects of neighborhood concentrated disadvantage? (2)

Answer 8

Discourages cohesion, monitoring of youth

Question 9

Racial segregation:

Answer 9

Blacks isolated from normative society, viewpoint that support illegal behavior

Question 10

What is the belief that concentration of 1 ethnic group can lead to?

Answer 10

Less opportunities be isolation, hyper-segregation, less broaden networks

Question 11

Broken window theory:

Answer 11

Minor community disorganization that isn’t fixed will lead to more disorganization

Question 12

Does the broken window theory only depend on low SES communities?

Answer 12

No, can occur in higher SES communities also

Question 13

Collective efficacy:

Answer 13

Working trust, willingness to intervene in order to establish social control, close relationships

Question 14

Redlining:

Answer 14

Discrimination by institutions that refuse/limit loans or mortgages w/in geographic areas

Question 15

Factors of concentrated disadvantage - (4)

Answer 15

High levels of poverty
Public assistance
Unemployment
Female-headed households

Question 16

What are the 3 concentric zones (inner to outer)

Answer 16

1) zone in transition - newcomers, factory jobs, inexpensive housing
2) zone of working men’s homes - 2nd gen of immigrants
3) residential/commuters zone - middle/upper class homeowners live

Question 17

Differential association theory:

Answer 17

Thru interactions w/ others, individuals learn necessary skills, values, attitudes for criminal behavior

Question 18

Strain theory:

Answer 18

How ppl adapt to conditions of anomie in society

Question 19

Anomie:

Answer 19

A sense of social regulation/breakdown

Question 20

Code of the streets:

Answer 20

Set of informal rules governing behavior

Question 21

Why is the code of the streets a cycle?

Answer 21

Because the hopelessness/alienation results in the violence they engage in — oppositional culture

Question 22

Social disorganization theory def.

Answer 22

Rapid social change and physical deterioration associated w/ breakdown of comm. social control, leads to delinquency

Question 23

Moral order:

Answer 23

Cohesiveness of ppl

Question 24

Code of the silence:

Answer 24

Prevents residents from reporting crime to police