Midterm 1 Flashcards
All cells require oxygen to live:
False
In what way are cells all alike?
They store genetic instructions in DNA.
How long ago is it estimated that the common ancestor for all of life existed?
Between 3.5 and 3.8 billion years ago.
Genetic change followed by selection are the fundamentals of what process?
Evolution
Which statement is NOT true about the differences between liver cells and kidney cells from the same animal?
The different cells express different genes.
What is cell theory?
• All cells are formed by the division of preexisting cells.
Individual atoms can be seen with an electron microscope
False.
Which of the following cannot be seen with a light microscope?
Ribosome.
What do eukaryotic cells have that prokaryotes lack?
A nucleus and other internal organelles.
Which of the following are prokaryotes?
Archea and bacteria.
At a molecular level, the members of the two domains of prokaryotes—the archaea and bacteria—differ as much from each other as either does from the eukaryotes
True
The DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells is separated from the cytoplasm by:
Nuclear envelope
Which statement is not true about mitochondria:
Mitochondria are not present in plant cells
Which statement is NOT true of chloroplasts?
Chloroplasts are present in essentially all eukaryotic cells.
Which of the following organelles is an irregular maze of interconnected spaces enclosed by a membrane that functions as the site where most cell membrane components, as well as materials destined for export from the cell, are made?
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Which of the following organelles is a stack of flattened membrane-enclosed sacs, functioning in receiving and often chemically modifying the molecules made in the endoplasmic reticulum, and then directing them to the exterior of the cell or to various locations inside the cell?
The Golgi Apparatus
The larges single compartment in most cells is:
The cytosol.
Which of these is not part of the cytoskeleton?
Cytosol
What role is not performed by the cytoskeleton?
Generate chemical energy
In plant cells a tough cell wall takes the place of a cytoskeleton:
False
Which organelle’s ancestor was likely engulfed by primitive eukaryotes to help the cell survive in an oxygen-rich atmosphere?
Mitochondrion
What mediates the exchange of materials between the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, the lysosomes, and the outside of the cell?
Vesicles
Which of the following organelles is a small, irregularly shaped organelle in which intracellular digestion occurs?
Lysosome
What is the name of the process by which eukaryotic cells engulf material captured from an external medium?
Endocytosis
The cytoskeleton is one of the few permanent fixtures in the cell
False
