Midterm 1

Question 1

Knew-it-all-along phenomenon:

Answer 1

hindsight bias

Question 2

tendency to make predictions about one’s life so self-assuredly is called:

Answer 2

overconfidence

Question 3

Psychologists ask the two questions “What do you mean?” and “How do you know?” b/c they approach the world of behavior with:

Answer 3

curious skepticism

Question 4

A person who engages in _______ does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions. They would analyze assumptions and try to determine if conclusions are warranted.

Answer 4

critical thinking

Question 5

______ is one phenomenon that illustrates why we should NOT rely on our intuition and common sense when trying to explain why people act, think, and feel the way they do.

Answer 5

overconfidence

Question 6

Even in random data we often find order, because random sequences often don’t look _____.

Answer 6

random

Question 7

Pharmaceutical company begins to write a research protocol based on their belief that the new medication called Drug R may be useful in treating anxiety. They predict that Drug R should lower symptoms of anxiety. This prediction is a:

Answer 7

hypothesis

Question 8

By organizing isolated facts, a theory ultimately __________ things.

Answer 8

simplifies

Question 9

What qualities would researchers in psychology ascribe to a “good” theory?

Answer 9

It should organize observations and imply clear, testable predictions.

Question 10

A hypothesis is a prediction that is:

Answer 10

testable

Question 11

This technique gathers peoples’ self-reported attitudes or behaviors by questioning people randomly and representatively:

Answer 11

a survey

Question 12

The best basis for generalizing behavior is from:

Answer 12

a representative sample of cases

Question 13

One strength of the case study method is that it:

Answer 13

suggests hypotheses for future study

Question 14

____________ is a type of descriptive research method.

Answer 14

Naturalistic observation

Question 15

Dr. James found a correlation of +0.81 between obesity and the consumption of fast foods. This would be considered a ________ correlation.

Answer 15

strong positive

Question 16

If the points on the scatterplot show an upward pattern (both scores going up), the correlation is:

Answer 16

a positive

Question 17

Unlike correlation, the only way to demonstrate causation is to conduct a(n):

Answer 17

experiment

Question 18

The _____ is a simple measure of central tendency, which indicates the score or scores that occur most frequently.

Answer 18

mode

Question 19

To say that the difference between sample averages is statistically significant means that the difference is:

Answer 19

probably NOT due to chance variation

Question 20

Random samples provide ___________ estimates of population averages if the samples have small

Answer 20

good; means

Question 21

The _____ can be particularly biased or misleading when there are a few _____ scores.

Answer 21

mean; extreme

Question 22

Which philosopher believed that the mind was located in the heart?

Answer 22

Aristotle

Question 23

Most of the signals neurons receive are _____; others are the opposite, or _____

Answer 23

inhibitory; excitatory

Question 24

Dendrites transmit messages ______ the cell body and axons transmit messages _____ the cell body.

Answer 24

toward; away from

Question 25

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease that is most directly associated with the degeneration of:

Answer 25

the myelin sheath

Question 26

The amount of information that a neuron can receive increases with the number of _____ that the neuron has.

Answer 26

dendrites and dendrite branches

Question 27

The part of the neuron that carries messages to other cells in the body is the:

Answer 27

axon

Question 28

What occurs during the refractory period?

Answer 28

The neuron reestablishes the negative-inside/positive-outside condition.

Question 29

The action potential is produced by the:

Answer 29

movement of positive ions across the membrane of the axon.

Question 30

Neurotransmitter is to ______ as neural receptor site is to ________.

Answer 30

key; lock

Question 31

Depressed mood states are linked to ________ levels of serotonin and ________ levels of norepinephrine.

Answer 31

low; low

Question 32

A drug that blocks the reuptake of a particular neurotransmitter is called a(n):

Answer 32

agonist.

Question 33

Which of the following does the autonomic nervous system most directly control?

Answer 33

bladder contractions

Question 34

Which of the following is an important part of the endocrine system but is not an endocrine gland?

Answer 34

the hypothalamus

Question 35

Brain activity results in telltale electrical signals that can be detected by a(n):

Answer 35

electroencephalogram (EEG).

Question 36

If a researcher electrically stimulates the _______ in an animal, the animal will immediately wake up and be alert.

Answer 36

reticular formation

Question 37

The _______ is responsible for heartbeat and breathing.

Answer 37

medulla

Question 38

After suffering an accidental brain injury, Kira has difficulty walking in a smooth, coordinated manner. It is likely that she has suffered damage to her:

Answer 38

corpus callosum

Question 39

The limbic system structure that influences aggression is called the:

Answer 39

amygdala.

Question 40

The limbic system structure that regulates hunger is called the:

Answer 40

hypothalamus.

Question 41

The ______ of the cerebral cortex are not involved in primary motor or sensory functions; rather, they are involved in learning, remembering, thinking, and speaking.

Answer 41

association areas

Question 42

Ralph was involved in a bar fight and sustained a blow to the back of the head from a beer bottle. He was dazed and could not see for about two minutes. Which lobe was affected?

Answer 42

occipital

Question 43

The signals for voluntary muscle movements originate in a band of tissue called the _____, which is located on the _____ lobe.

Answer 43

motor cortex; frontal

Question 44

Scientists hope that someday, through the use of master stem cells, they will be able to help the body create new neurons for damaged areas of the brain, through the process of:

Answer 44

neurogenesis.

Question 45

In reading these test questions, you are primarily using your _____ to understand what you are reading.

Answer 45

left hemisphere

Question 46

A person’s subjective experience of the world and one’s self is:

Answer 46

consciousness.

Question 47

_____ is a condition in which a person can respond to a visual stimulus without consciously experiencing it.

Answer 47

blindsight

Question 48

Selective attention is BEST illustrated by:

Answer 48

change blindness

Question 49

_____ is the processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously; the brain’s natural mode of information processing for many functions.

Answer 49

Parallel processing

Question 50

Drivers detect traffic signals more slowly if they are conversing on a cell phone while driving. This best illustrates the impact of:

Answer 50

selective attention.

Question 51

_____ is the capacity to selectively focus senses and awareness on particular stimuli or aspects of the environment.

Answer 51

attention

Question 52

____ is periodic, natural loss of consciousness one experiences within a 24-hour period.

Answer 52

sleep

Question 53

If you are like most people, you experience daily fluctuations in many bodily processes, such as blood pressure, the secretion of hormones, and so on. These daily variations in biological and psychological processes are called:

Answer 53

circadian rhythms.

Question 54

The relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state are called:

Answer 54

alpha waves

Question 55

Melatonin is manufactured by the:

Answer 55

pineal gland

Question 56

In response to bright morning light:

Answer 56

the suprachiasmatic nucleus causes the pineal gland to decrease production of melatonin.

Question 57

In studies of fraternal and identical twins, only the identical twins had strikingly similar sleep patterns and durations. This study seems to indicate that sleep patterns are influenced by:

Answer 57

genes

Question 58

This brain part controls thinking

Answer 58

cerebrum

Question 59

this brain part controls balance, movement, and coordination

Answer 59

cerebellum

Question 60

this brain part controls involuntary actions such as breathing, heartbeats, and digestion

Answer 60

brain stem

Question 61

this part of the nervous system moves messages between the brain and the body

Answer 61

spinal cord

Question 62

this part of the cerebrum interprets and sorts info from the senses

Answer 62

parietal

Question 63

this part of the cerebrum processes messages from the eyes

Answer 63

occipital

Question 64

this part of the cerebrum helps us with speech and hearing and learning language

Answer 64

temporal

Question 65

this part of the cerebrum helps us make decisions and solve problems

Answer 65

frontal

Question 66

this neuron part receives messages from other neurons

Answer 66

dendrites

Question 67

this neuron part sends on messages to other neurons

Answer 67

axon

Question 68

this neuron part gives messages to muscle tissues

Answer 68

terminal ends

Question 69

this neuron part processes incoming messages

Answer 69

cell body

Question 70

this neuron part contains instructions for making proteins that the neuron needs

Answer 70

nucleus

Question 71

A gene is a small segment of a(n):

Answer 71

DNA molecule

Question 72

Adopted children are especially likely to have similar ____________ if raised in the same home.

Answer 72

values and attitudes

Question 73

Epigenetics is the study of environmental influences on ______ that occur without a DNA change.

Answer 73

gene expression

Question 74

External influences on development such as social support are said to constitute our:

Answer 74

environment

Question 75

Given findings from adoption studies, which of the following scenarios is the MOST likely?

Answer 75

An adopted brother and sister raised together will share the same political and religious beliefs

Question 76

Identical twins raised apart have ________ similar personalities than identical twins raised together and ________ similar personalities than fraternal twins raised apart.

Answer 76

less;more

Question 77

Identical twins separated at birth and raised in completely different home environments would be most likely to have similar:

Answer 77

personality traits

Question 78

Our genetic predispositions help to explain:

Answer 78

both our shared human nature and our human diversity

Question 79

The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior is known as:

Answer 79

behavior genetics

Question 80

The thread-like structures that contain genes are called:

Answer 80

chromosomes

Question 81

Two individuals are most likely to differ in personality if they are:

Answer 81

fraternal twins who were raised apart

Question 82

Which of the following is TRUE regarding heredity?

Answer 82

We can never say what percentage of an individual’s personality or intelligence is inherited.

Question 83

____ is the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes.

Answer 83

Heritability

Question 84

______________ develop from a single fertilized egg, whereas ______________ develop from separate fertilized eggs.

Answer 84

Identical twins; fraternal twins

Question 85

These are the biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes.

Answer 85

genes

Question 86

According to evolutionary psychologists, our predisposition to overconsume fatty junk foods illustrates that we are biologically prepared to behave in ways that promoted the ________ of our ancestors.

Answer 86

reproductive success

Question 87

According to evolutionary psychology all humans share a universal _____ that has survived from a distant past in which we lived in small groups and punished those who directly harmed others.

Answer 87

moral instinct

Question 88

According to research studies done on U.S. college students:

Answer 88

men more often than women attribute a woman’s friendliness to sexual interest.

Question 89

An evolutionary psychologist would suggest that people are genetically predisposed to:

Answer 89

do all of these things.

Question 90

Casual, impulsive sex is most frequent among _________ with traditional __________ attitudes.

Answer 90

males; masculine

Question 91

Critics of evolutionary psychology are particularly likely to emphasize that gender differences in mate preferences can also be byproducts of:

Answer 91

cultural practices.

Question 92

Evolutionary psychologists attribute gender differences in sexuality to the fact that women have:

Answer 92

lower reproductive potential than do men.

Question 93

Evolutionary psychologists attribute the human tendency to fear snakes and heights to:

Answer 93

genetic predispositions.

Question 94

Evolutionary psychologists suggest that human behavioral similarities arise from our shared:

Answer 94

genome

Question 95

Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to predict that:

Answer 95

children are more likely to be safely cared for by their biological fathers than by their stepfathers.

Question 96

Using the principles of natural selection, _________________ studies how behavior and the mind have evolved.

Answer 96

evolutionary psychology

Question 97

Your professor suggests that the increasing problem of obesity in Western cultures might be attributable to our inherited predisposition to love the taste of sweets and fats. Although these foods were difficult for our ancestors to find, they helped them to survive famines. Now, these foods are easily available and Westerners are eating too much of them. What field does this theory belong to?

Answer 97

evolutionary psychology

Question 98

Due to a random error in genetic replication, a lion is born with a heightened sense of smell. This variation in an inherited trait is due to:

Answer 98

mutation.

Question 99

Martha’s child was born with an extra chromosome resulting in Down syndrome. This is an example of:

Answer 99

mutation

Question 100

People all over the world react similarly when they are reunited with loved ones. For example, if you watch people greeting each other at family reunions, they tend to have the same joyful expressions on their faces, no matter what country they come from. This similarity can be attributed to:

Answer 100

our shared human genome.

Question 101

Teens who smoke typically have friends who smoke. To avoid overestimating the impact of peer pressure on teens’ smoking habits, it would make the most sense to consider the impact of:

Answer 101

smoking preferences on friendship choices.

Question 102

Because of cataracts, your neighbor was deprived of visual experiences during early childhood. Last year her vision was restored by surgery, but she is having difficulty in dealing with the visual world. This is probably because:

Answer 102

brain cells normally devoted to vision died or were diverted to other uses.

Question 103

The tendency to exaggerate the impact of child-raising practices on children’s personalities has been most characteristic of:

Answer 103

Freudian psychologists.

Question 104

Although they beg and plead, a preschooler’s parents have zero success in coaxing him to eat broccoli. The parents might try to use peer influence by:

Answer 104

asking his daycare center to serve broccoli and seating him with classmates who like to eat it.

Question 105

A local high school is running an experiment with a colony of infant rats. Half of the infant rats are isolated in barren cages and the other half live together in an enriched environment with lots of rat toys and exercise equipment. What would you expect the outcome to be at the end of the school year?

Answer 105

The rats in the enriched environment will have significantly larger cerebral cortices.

Question 106

Even if the musician Stevie Wonder had his vision restored by a miracle surgery, he probably would not get his eyesight back because:

Answer 106

brain cells normally devoted to vision have died or been diverted to other uses.

Question 107

Workers at the Ito motor plant are willing to work long hours and put the company’s success ahead of their own as they are from a(n) __________________ culture.

Answer 107

collectivist

Question 108

Your best friend is worried about the increase in divorce rates, prison populations, and incidence of depression in the United States. She thinks there are genetic reasons for these increases. Is this possible?

Answer 108

No; the human gene pool evolves far too slowly to account for high-speed cultural transformations.

Question 109

If you were studying children raised in a culture that focused on cultivating emotional closeness, which of the following child-raising practices would you likely find?

Answer 109

children sleeping with their mothers and spending their daytime hours close to a family member

Question 110

____________ is more than just being social. It allows enduring ideas and traditions shared by a group of people to be transmitted from one generation to the next. For example, although chimpanzees are social animals, their lives function in pretty much the same way they did 10,000 years ago. Humans, on the other hand, are living in a way their ancestors from 200 years ago could not imagine.

Answer 110

Culture

Question 111

Gwen is quite upset and asks why she is always the one who cooks, cleans, and takes care of the children the majority of the time. Which of the following is NOT a reason for Gwen to be in this situation?

Answer 111

Employed women have an hour more time to devote to taking care of the children.

Question 112

_________________ assumes that children learn gender-linked behaviors by observing and imitating others and through the rewards and punishments they receive for their imitation.

Answer 112

Social learning theory

Question 113

In a study on aggression, a group of university students were given an experimental task meant to be purposely frustrating. Then, the participants were given a task that forced them to administer (fake) electric shocks to other participants. Given what we know about gender differences and aggression, who do you think administered more painful electric shocks?

Answer 113

Men administered more painful electric shocks.

Question 114

Among your _____ chromosomes, ____ are unisex.

Answer 114

46; 45

Question 115

Nonreproductive sex characteristics such as the deepened male voice and male facial hair are called:

Answer 115

secondary sex characteristics.

Question 116

The elderly are more susceptible to _____________ than when they were younger.

Answer 116

cancer

Question 117

Although physical decline begins in early adulthood, it is not until later in life that it becomes really noticeable. Which of the following declines in later life?

Answer 117

All of these abilities decline in later life.

Question 118

Which of the following statements is true of the life expectancy of males and females?

Answer 118

Worldwide, women outlive men by 4 years.

Question 119

People differ the most in their learning and memory abilities during:

Answer 119

late adulthood.

Question 120

Niko is an 11-year-old who has experienced abuse, bullying, and poverty most of his young life. This situation has produced a great deal of stress and anxiety. Due to these experiences Niko is likely to have shortened _____, which are the biological scars of these experiences and which will lead to a shortened life expectancy.

Answer 120

telomeres

Question 121

As far as we know, the primary cause of Alzheimer’s disease is:

Answer 121

deterioration of neurons that produce the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

Question 122

These are studies in which people of different ages are compared with one another.

Answer 122

cross-sectional studies

Question 123

Tamera is 73 years old and is having problems remembering significant events in her life. She has to write down appointments and meetings at her church or she will forget about these commitments. Tamera is demonstrating a decline in:

Answer 123

episodic memory.

Question 124

In older adults _____ disorders were formerly called dementia.

Answer 124

neurocognitive disorders

Question 125

The culturally preferred timing of social events such as marriage, parenthood, and retirement is known as the:

Answer 125

social clock.

Question 126

According to Erik Erikson, the two fundamental themes that dominate adult development are:

Answer 126

intimacy and generativity.

Question 127

Aja is worried that as her husband approaches his fortieth birthday he will become depressed and unhappy with his life and begin to seek other women to help compensate for these feelings. Studies cited in your text indicate that very few men go through this sort of:

Answer 127

midlife crisis.

Question 128

The majority of adults aged 65 and older in the United States are:

Answer 128

healthy, active, and self-sufficient.

Question 129

Harry is a 76-year-old who has an optimistic outlook on life, plays golf several times a week, and teaches English to non-English speaking people. These factors demonstrate the role of _____ factors play in helping older people live longer and flourish.

Answer 129

psychological

Question 130

Research has shown that, among U.S. couples that live together before marriage, there are:

Answer 130

higher rates of divorce.

Question 131

Psychologists who today focus on the adaptive function of behaviors and emotions (that is, those who study behaviors and emotions that appear to have allowed our ancestors to survive) would likely consider __________________ an early representative of their approach to psychology.

Answer 131

William James

Question 132

It is 1965, and Professor B. F. Skinner is lecturing in your introductory course. He defines psychology as “the scientific study of __________________.”

Answer 132

observable behavior

Question 133

_____ practice promotes better retention of material studied than _____ practice.

Answer 133

Spaced; mass

Question 134

Structuralists introduced which research method to identify basic elements of the human mind?

Answer 134

introspection

Question 135

Who was the first woman to earn a Ph.D. in psychology?

Answer 135

Washburn

Question 136

A focus on how we encode, process, store, and retrieve information is most relevant to the ____________ perspective.

Answer 136

cognitive

Question 137

Jim is a 43-year-old male presenting with auditory hallucinations, delusions of reference, delusions of persecution, and claims of “special powers.” Jim suffers from schizophrenia and has not been taking his medication as prescribed. Dr. Verde is evaluating Jim, and may admit him to the hospital so that she can restart his medications and monitor his response. Dr. Verde is most likely a:

Answer 137

psychiatrist.

Question 138

Researchers today can use technology such as CT scans and fMRI scans to measure brain activity. Some researchers ask their research participants to describe elements of their experiences (for example, sensations, images, feelings) while undergoing the scans. This ___________ technique is similar to the methodology of ___________.

Answer 138

introspection; Titchener

Question 139

A focus on how we learn observable responses is most relevant to the ____________ perspective.

Answer 139

behavioral

Question 140

______________ rejected the notion of innate ideas, offering his notion that the mind is a blank slate on which experience writes.

Answer 140

John Locke

Question 141

A unified understanding of explanations provided by the neuroscience, cognitive, social-cultural, and other psychological perspectives is most clearly provided by:

Answer 141

a biopsychosocial approach.

Question 142

Psychology is the scientific study of:

Answer 142

behavior and mental processes.

Question 143

Titchener is to _________________ as Freud is to personality theory.

Answer 143

structuralism

Question 144

Inherited traits are to learned habits as the _____________ perspective is to the _____________ perspective.

Answer 144

evolutionary; behavioral

Question 145

Basic research on persistent human traits, such as optimism and pessimism, is most characteristic of the specialty known as ____________ psychology.

Answer 145

personality

Question 146

One strength of the case study method is that it:

Answer 146

suggests hypotheses for future study

Question 147

The ________________ is a measure of ________________.

Answer 147

standard deviation; variation

Question 148

You are a school psychologist who administers the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) to all sixth graders before they enter into junior high. You notice that the intelligence scores have a smaller standard deviation than when you administer the WISC to children in your consulting practice. Why?

Answer 148

The community in your consulting practice is more diverse than the school.

Question 149

You are trying to decide between two schools for your 8-year-old daughter to attend. The Einstein School brags that the average IQ of its students is 125, with a standard deviation of 5.3. The Marie Curie School reports that the average IQ of its students is 125, with a standard deviation of 15.6. If you are most interested in finding a school that has children with diverse abilities, which school would you choose for your daughter?

Answer 149

the Marie Curie School

Question 150

After carrying out the appropriate statistical calculations of their data, the researchers concluded that the probability of obtaining the results, if random factors alone were operating, was less than 1 chance out of a 100. The researchers used _____, and can conclude that the results are _____.

Answer 150

inferential statistics; statistically significant

Question 151

If the results of a study are deemed significant, this means that the observed difference:

Answer 151

is probably not due to chance variation between the samples.

Question 152

The all-or-none response of a neuron is similar to a:

Answer 152

light switch that only has two positions—on and off

Question 153

The part of the neuron that carries messages to other cells in the body is the:

Answer 153

axon

Question 154

He sustained numerous lacerations, a right femoral contusion, and, most importantly, had a large open wound on his head. When he arrived at the emergency room, the attending physician immediately ordered which neuroimaging technique to rule out any soft tissue damage to the brain?

Answer 154

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Question 155

Jason is participating in a study in which he is situated inside a tube-shaped machine and asked to look at photographs of people making various facial expressions. The experimenters explain that they are looking at areas of his brain that have increased blood flow, which indicates higher levels of activity when he looks at the photographs. The device the researchers are utilizing is a(n):

Answer 155

functional MRI (fMRI).

Question 156

Which area of the limbic system regulates thirst, body temperature, and sexual behavior, and helps maintain a steady (homeostatic) internal state?

Answer 156

the hypothalamus

Question 157

Hillary just began teaching a class and is trying to memorize the names of her students. Her ability to store these to memory will rely upon the work of her:

Answer 157

the hippocampus

Question 158

James Olds and Peter Milner (1954) were trying to implant an electrode in a rat’s reticular formation when they mistakenly placed the electrode incorrectly. Curiously, as if seeking more stimulation, the rat kept returning to the location where it had been when it received a stimulus from this misplaced electrode. On discovering that they had actually placed the device in a region of the _____, Olds and Milner realized they had stumbled upon a _____.

Answer 158

hypothalamus; reward center

Question 159

Some researchers believe that addictive disorders, such as substance abuse and binge eating, may stem from a malfunction in the brain’s reward centers. Some believe that this malfunction is genetically predisposed and the addictive behavior replaces missing pleasure or relieves negative feelings. This condition is called:

Answer 159

reward deficiency syndrome.

Question 160

Which area of the brain receives all sensory input collected from the senses, except the sense of smell, and relays this information to the higher regions of the brain?

Answer 160

thalamus

Question 161

Which specialized area of the brain registers and processes body touch and movement sensations and is located at the front of the parietal lobes?

Answer 161

the somatosensory cortex

Question 162

Amir suffered a severe brain injury in a motorcycle accident and was partially paralyzed on the left side of his body. After several months of intensive physical therapy, he gradually regained the use of his left leg and arm. This example best illustrates the principle of:

Answer 162

plasticity.

Question 163

Tonya had her left index finger severed in a factory accident. Months later she noticed that the sensitivity of the fingers near the missing finger had increased. This increased sensitivity is caused by:

Answer 163

the area in the somatosensory cortex that once received input for the missing index finger is now receiving input from the adjacent fingers.

Question 164

Dr. Render is a neuropsychologist who works with post-surgical patients who have had surgery to sever their corpus callosum (to reduce severe seizures). When she presents the word “sal-ted” to one patient, “sal” transmits to his left visual field and “ted” to his right visual field. She then asks him to tell her what he saw. What does this patient say?

Answer 164

ted

Question 165

Research with split-brain patients led Michael Gazzaniga to conclude that the _____________ typically constructs the theories people offer to explain their own behaviors.

Answer 165

left cerebral hemisphere

Question 166

Based on research with split-brain patients, we know that the _____ hemisphere is specialized for _____.

Answer 166

right; visual perception tasks

Question 167

Which of the following is NOT a possible explanation of consciousness found by cognitive neuroscientists?

Answer 167

A weak stimulus that is below conscious perception will trigger areas of the brain in the same way as a stronger stimulus that is consciously perceived.

Question 168

According to cognitive neuroscientists, perception, memory, thinking, language, and attitudes all operate on two levels in what is called dual processing. In dual processing, a conscious, deliberate “high road” is _________, and an unconscious, automatic “low road” is _____.

Answer 168

reflective; intuitive

Question 169

Experiments show that when you move your wrist at will, you consciously experience the decision to move it about 0.2 seconds before the actual movement (Libet, 1985, 2004). But your brain waves jump about 0.35 seconds before you consciously perceive your decision to move. From this study one can conclude:

Answer 169

consciousness sometimes arrives after decision-making.

Question 170

Marie was driving home from school and she stopped at an intersection. She looked to her left and right for oncoming cars and then made a left turn, pulling out right in front of a motorcycle. Even though she had looked in that direction, she failed to see the motorcycle, likely because she was looking only for cars. Her inability to see the motorcycle is a phenomenon known as:

Answer 170

inattentional blindness.

Question 171

Freddy was a participant in a research study looking at the content of people’s dreams. If he is typical, most of his dreams will:

Answer 171

contain a story line that incorporates traces of previous days’ nonsexual experiences and preoccupations.

Question 172

According to researchers, which of the following is NOT likely to occur during sleep?

Answer 172

we can learn a foreign language