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Mind Brain & Behavior > Midterm #1 > Flashcards

Midterm #1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Central nervous system

A

Consists of brain and spinal cord

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2
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Consists of autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system

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3
Q

ANS

A

Regulates subconscious activities such as digestion

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4
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

Rest& digest portion of ANS

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5
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Fight &flight portion of ANS

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6
Q

White matter

A

Insulated nerve connections (myelin helps fire more efficiently)

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7
Q

Gray matter

A

Cell bodies

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8
Q

Rostral

A

Toward mouth

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9
Q

Caudal

A

Toward tail end

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10
Q

Dorsal

A

Toward top

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11
Q

Ventral

A

Toward bottom/belly

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12
Q

Anterior

A

Front

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13
Q

Posterior

A

Back

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14
Q

Superior

A

Above

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15
Q

Inferior

A

Below

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16
Q

Ipsilateral

A

On the same side

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17
Q

Coronal slice

A

Splits the brain into dorsal and ventral slices (looks like where a crown would go)

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18
Q

Axial

A

Divides brain into rostral and caudal slices (front vs back)

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19
Q

Sagittal (midsagittal)

A

Splits into left and right (if is midsagittal will split into hemispheres)

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20
Q

Afferent signal

A

Goes towards CNS from PNS

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21
Q

Efferent signal

A

Goes out of CNS toward PNS

22
Q

Medulla

A

Regulates breathing, heart rate, blood pressure

23
Q

Pons

A

Relays signals between cerebellum and cerebrum

24
Q

Reticular formation

A

In the midbrain- plays central role in regulating states of consciousness

25
Q

Locus coeruleus

A

Sends alerting signals to the rest of the brain (uses norepinephrine)

26
Q

Area postrema

A

Structure in medulla that controls vomiting

27
Q

Substantia nigra

A

Main source of dopamine which is key in movement, cognition, motivation & reward

28
Q

Raphe nuclei

A

In the seam between 2 sides of brain stem, main source of serotonin (controls mood sleep behavior)

29
Q

Corpus callosum

A

Bridge between hemispheres

30
Q

Amygdala

A

Part of limbic system, is responsible for emotions, survival instincts and memory

31
Q

Where are the four ventricles located?

A

Two are lateral and at the center of each hemisphere of the cerebral cortex, these two connect to the third ventricle in the midbrain between the left and right thalamus, and the fourth ventricle is tucked between the brainstem and cerebellum

32
Q

Meninges

A

The three membranes (Dura mater, arachnoid and Pia mater) that line the skull and vertebral canal and enclose the brain and spinal cord

33
Q

Dura mater

A

The tough outermost membrane enveloping the brain and spinal cord

34
Q

Arachnoid mater

A

Fine delicate membrane, the middle of the three meninges

35
Q

Pia mater

A

The delicate innermost membrane of the meninges

36
Q

Metacognition

A

Thinking w/o thinking

37
Q

Soma

A

Skin, muscle, bone

38
Q

Viscera

A

Lungs, heart, liver, stomach, pancreas, kidney, intestines, bladder

39
Q

Primary motor cortex

A

located in the dorsal portion of the frontal lobe. Primary motor cortex is defined anatomically as the region of cortex that contains large neurons that send long axons down the spinal cord to synapse onto the spinal cord and onto the motor neurons in the spinal cord which connect to the muscles.

40
Q

Primary somatosensory cortex

A

located in the postcentral gyrus.
tactile representation is orderly arranged (in an inverted fashion) from the toe (at the top of the cerebral hemisphere) to mouth (at the bottom). However, some body parts may be controlled by partially overlapping regions of cortex

41
Q

Saltatory conduction

A

Neurons get boost of signal at the nodes of ranvier

42
Q

Fusiform gurus

A

Linked to recognition

43
Q

Precuneus

A

is involved with episodic memory, visuospatial processing, reflections upon self, and aspects of consciousness.

44
Q

Insula

A

involved in consciousness and play a role in diverse functions usually linked to emotion or the regulation of the body’s homeostasis.

45
Q

Basal ganglia

A

group of subcortical nuclei, of varied origin, in the brains of vertebrates including humans, which are situated at the base of the forebrain.
associated with a variety of functions including: control of voluntary motor movements, procedural learning, routine behaviors or “habits”

46
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Monitors how your body is doing internally, controls pituitary

47
Q

Thalamus

A

Monitors what goes on outside of the body

48
Q

Hippocampus

A

Part of limbic system, processes long term memory and emotional responses

49
Q

Amygdala

A

Experiencing of emotions

50
Q

Cerebellum

A

Coordinates and regulates muscular activity

Mind Brain & Behavior (1 decks)

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