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Organizational Behavior > Midterm 1 > Flashcards

Midterm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of organizational behavior?

A

Studies the influence that individuals, groups and structure have on behavior within organizations.

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2
Q

What is workforce diversity?

A

Organizations are becoming a more heterogeneous mix of people in terms of gender, age, race, ethnicity, and ‘deep diversity’

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3
Q

What are the three levels of OB analysis?

A

Individual –> Group –> Organization System

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4
Q

What are the three conditions using the GMA principle?

A

(1) Need selective hiring
(2) Need to effectively measure intelligence
(3) Job performance must be variable

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5
Q

What is the formula to find r for the binomial effect display?

A

100(0.5 +- r/2)

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6
Q

What are interviews for?

A

Interviews are for selection and recruitment for both the hiring organization and the applicant.

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7
Q

What are the stages of selection for the interview process?

A

(1) Recruitment
(2) Screening
(3) Selection

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8
Q

What is skill versus luck?

A

(a) Skill: the ability to use one’s knowledge effectively and readily in execution or performance
(b) Luck: the events or circumstances that operate for or against an individual

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9
Q

Why does separating skill from luck matter?

A

(1) Avoid law of small numbers
(2) Avoid illusion of control
(3) Skill –> small sample, Luck –> large sample needed

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10
Q

What is the paradox of skill?

A

High and uniform skill levels suggest that luck becomes a larger determinant of outcomes

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11
Q

What is the Big-Five Model?

A

(1) Extraversion
(2) Agreeableness
(3) Conscientiousness
(3) Emotional Stability / Neuroticism
(5) Openness to experience

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12
Q

What are other key personality traits?

A
  • Locus of control
  • Self-Esteem
  • Self-monitoring
  • Risk Propensity
  • Type A Personality
  • Leadership Profile
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13
Q

What are Holland’s Six Personality Types?

A
  • Realistic
  • Investigative
  • Social
  • Conventional
  • Enterprising
  • Artistic
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14
Q

Realistic

A

Prefer physical activities requiring skill, strength & coordination

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15
Q

Investigative

A

Prefers activities that involve thinking, organizing, understanding

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16
Q

Social

A

Prefers activities that involve helping and developing others

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17
Q

Conventional

A

Prefers rule regulated, orderly activities

18
Q

Enterprising

A

Prefers verbal activities with opportunities to influence others and attain power

19
Q

Artistic

A

Prefers ambiguity and activities allowing creative expression

20
Q

Uncertainty Avoidance

A

Reliance on social norms and procedures

21
Q

Assertiveness

A

Tendency to be tough, confrontational

22
Q

Future Orientation

A

Whether society rewards future oriented behavior

23
Q

Gender Differentiation

A

Degree to which gender differences are maximized

24
Q

Power Distance

A

Whether society members expect power to be unequally shared

25
Q

Individualism / Collectivism

A

Whether society encourages people to be group members

26
Q

In-Group Collectivism

A

Whether people, not society, take pride in group membership, such as families and friends

27
Q

Performance Orientation

A

Whether society encourages people to excel and improve performance

28
Q

Humane Orientation

A

Degree to which a society encourages people to be fair, altruistic, generous, and caring to others

29
Q

Perception

A

The process through which people select, organize, and interpret information

30
Q

Social Perception

A

the process of combining, integrating, and interpreting information about others to gain an accurate understanding of them

31
Q

Attribution

A

The process through which individuals attempt to determine the cause behind others’ behavior

32
Q

What are Kelley’s theory of casual attribution based on?

A

(1) Consensus
(2) Consistency
(3) Distinctiveness

33
Q

What are the three perceptual biases?

A

(1) Similar-To-Me-Effect
(2) First-Impression Error
(3) Selective Perception

34
Q

What are ways to improve accuracy of performance appraisals?

A

(1) Define job performance
(2) Observe and record frequently
(3) Use multiple sources
(4) Behaviorally based measures
(5) Train raters

35
Q

What are ways to improve performance?

A
  • Goal setting
  • Two way communication
  • Ask for self-assessment
  • Coach employees
  • Manage the separation of poor performers
36
Q

Expectancy Theory

A

Strength of a tendency to act in a certain way depends on strength of expectation, attractiveness

37
Q

What are the three components of expectancy theory?

A
  • Attractiveness
  • Performance-reward linkage
  • Effort-performance
38
Q

Enactive Mastery

A

Build the task sequence to ensure success. Job and task design. Strategy of small wins.

39
Q

Modeling

A

Direct person to models who are similar in their situations and have had success

40
Q

Management by Objectives (MBO)

A

Emphasizes converting overall organizational objectives into specific objectives for individual units and members that are tangible, verifiable, and measureable

41
Q

What are the four ingredients common to MBO programs?

A

(1) Goal specificity
(2) Participative decision making
(3) Explicit time period
(4) Performance feedback

42
Q

What does SMART stand for?

A

Specific Measurable Attainable Relevant Time Frame Defined

Organizational Behavior (1 decks)

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