Midterm 1

Question 1

In class we discussed three major inputs into Animal Science that are used to improve the production of animal foods for human use. What are they?

Answer 1

Environment
Science
Business

Question 2

Many animal production units are called CAFO’s. What is the focus of the CAFO program?

Answer 2

Manure management

Question 3

Using sunlight, plants convert H20 and CO2 into what important nutrient useful for animal production?

Answer 3

Carbohydrates

Question 4

Feed efficiency requires two pieces of data for calculation. What data is required?

Answer 4

Feed/gain

Question 5

Which of the following major science disciplines is not generally a part of animal science?

a. Ecology
b. Nutrition
c. Immunology
d. Genetics
e. None of the above

Answer 5

a. Ecology

Question 6

In the parade of domesticated animals, which of the following is thought to be the first?

Answer 6

Dogs

Question 7

We discussed three pieces of legislation that are generally responsible for increases in agriculture efficiently over the last 80 years or so. Which of these legislations provided support for creating and maintaining portions the Oregon State University in agriculture?

Answer 7

Smith lever act
Morrill act
And hatch act

Question 8

For the average US citizen, how has the proportion of their income that is used to purchase food changed since the 1950’s?

Answer 8

Decreased

Question 9

When did the major surge of imported “exotic” cattle breeds occur in the US?

Answer 9

1960’s and 70’s

Question 10

What is the difference between auroch and Brahman type of cattle?

Answer 10

Their appearance
Their region of origin
Their ability to withstand environment disease organisms

Question 11

ADG is calculated number that is used for what purpose?

Answer 11

To determine the growth rate of cattle

Question 12

Where are the most beef cattle in Oregon produced?

Answer 12

East of the cascades

Question 13

What changes a bull calf into a steer?

Answer 13

Castration

Question 14

What is the marketing advantage of finishing cattle in a feed lot?

Answer 14

Increase quality (grade) beef

Question 15

Which segment of the beef cattle industry is most common in Oregon?

Answer 15

Cow/calf

Question 16

Why is typical beef cattle calving is in the late winter or early spring?

Answer 16

Pastures are better

Question 17

When breeding cattle, what event begins the first trimester of the gestation period?

Answer 17

Conception

Question 18

How does feeding of beef cattle change from the stocker phase to the feed lot?

Answer 18

Eliminate pasture; add roughage and concentrates

Question 19

Which of the following are not true regarding hormone implants used in some of the beef cattle industry?

Answer 19

Increase body fat content

Question 20

The kansas cities of Abilene, Wichita, and dodge city were prominent in the early days of cattle production. What was their contribution?

Answer 20

They were the main rail stops at the end of the cattle drives from Texas

Question 21

Cattle found in feed lots are

Answer 21

Mostly crossbreds

Question 22

When breeding heifers, there are two important physical characteristics. What are they?

Answer 22

Age and body weight

Question 23

Following weaning, ADG of beef cattle is?

Answer 23

Highest in the feedlot

Question 24

Besides cheese, what was the earliest processed dairy product that was mass produced?

Answer 24

Condensed milk

Question 25

Of the dairy breeds that we discussed, which is also found as a beef cattle breed?

Answer 25

Shorthorn

Question 26

Most dairies in the US are farms that have fewer than 100 cows. Which size group contains the largest number of cows that make up the US dairy herd?

Answer 26

Dairies with >500 cows

Question 27

In class we discussed the fact that the regional distribution of the US dairy herd has moved to western states in recent years. What is the reason for this shift?

Answer 27

Amount of rain is less

Question 28

Laceration in cattle begins with at what event?

Answer 28

Parturition

Question 29

For maximum efficiency, at what point in the dairy cycle are inseminations performed?

Answer 29

2nd or 3rd heat following parturition

Question 30

During the lactation cycle, the body weight of the dairy cow:

Answer 30

Declines early and increases late in the cycle

Question 31

What is the primary consequence of seasonal dairying?

Answer 31

No milk production during part of the year

Question 32

Which type of dairy milking parlor design is found at the OSU dairy?

Answer 32

Herringbone

Question 33

What causes milk flow in a lactating dairy cow?

Answer 33

The letdown response

Question 34

What is the reason for milking the youngest cows first?

Answer 34

First time killers have the lowest possibility of mastitis

Question 35

The heat (estrous) cycle of dairy cows is about:

Answer 35

21-23 days

Question 36

"Sexing" sperm cells to increase the percentage of heifer calves is common in modern dairy industry.

Answer 36

False

Question 37

Barrow is to swine as __________ is to cattle

Answer 37

Steer

Question 38

``` Swine were first domesticated from wild pigs found in which region of the world? North Africa North America Central Asia South America ```

Answer 38

None of the above

Question 39

In swine, the term farrowing refers to:

Answer 39

Parturition

Question 40

Which of the following most properly defines fecundity?

Answer 40

Production of offspring

Question 41

Consider the cattle and swine breeding philosophies of the US industries in the 19th and early 20th centuries. How did the major considerations differ?

Answer 41

Cattle producers returned to Europe for breeding stock Swine producers advocate crossing of breeds

Question 42

As swine were selectivity bred for various traits, the earliest body type that was identified was ________?

Answer 42

The lard type

Question 43

Which of the following terms denotes a male pig after siring his first litter?

Answer 43

Boar

Question 44

The razorback is a type of swine found roaming wild throughout the southern US. It is considered an agricultural pest by many. What is a razorback?

Answer 44

The result of escaped domestic pigs from early explorers

Question 45

What is the technical difference between a pig and a hog?

Answer 45

They are different in weights