Midterm 1

Question 1

Define social change

Answer 1

it is continuous and driven by the multi-directional flow of goods, people and ideas worldwide

Question 2

Modern Africa (dates)

Answer 2

1800s- to today

Question 3

diversity of experiences of african people …

Answer 3

have to change the trajectory of modernity and social change

Question 4

Othering

Answer 4

casting group or individual into role of “other” and establishing one’s identity in opposition to it

Question 5

Politics of representation

Answer 5

• Othering as doing violence to human experience
• As imaging ourselves
• As solidifying unequal RS of power
• As part of an anthropological predicament

Question 6

Why is Pritchard important

Answer 6

Encouraged other to see WC as normal, as a rational system
Participant observation
Crucial development in how scholars try to study africa “in its own terms”

Question 7

WC

Answer 7

WC helped maintain systems of law in society and social order

Question 8

Importance of multiple stories because

Answer 8

multi-directional flows of representation

Question 9

An image

Answer 9

Walter Benjamin: verbal, visual, sonic

Freezes flow of social life into a single frame or narrative

Question 10

Emery Roe

Answer 10

Importance of counter narrative
Crisis narratives create stories that glorify western intervention and an uneven field of decision making (as development policies)

Question 11

Sontag

Answer 11

Ethics of seeing
Image fatigue
war tourism

Question 12

Vena Das

Answer 12

inability to acknowledge that inequality structured around race continues to form the FW for humanitarian action

Question 13

Criticism of pritchards witchcraft

Answer 13

ignored women’s social and cultural worlds

Question 14

Knowledge is

Answer 14

Partial

Question 15

Anthropologist must be

Answer 15

reflexive about his positionally

Question 16

curse of nakedness

Answer 16

symbolically represents women’s ability to take back life

Question 17

Braun

Answer 17

Virtue and virtuosity
transgressing norms of femininity through dance
form of power that doesn’t mean they’re breaking free from the structures of power
Power as expressed through normative and subversive expressions of gender

Question 18

Colonialism

Answer 18

policy or practice of acquiring political and economic control over another country

Question 19

Dialectical encounter

Answer 19

Jean and john comaroff
Can’t explain colonialism simply through european capitalism and stately action
Colonial encounter as a lived experience

Question 20

Colonial encounter as a lived experience

Answer 20

hierarchies create through interactions and relationships

Question 21

Terrance Ranger

Answer 21

Invented traditions

Question 22

Invented traditions

Answer 22

Central to european expansion
Colonial encounter as a cultural encounter
IT as a way to reinforce and justify hierarchal relationships between them and africans
Rule through local custom
IT as a means of control

Question 23

Indirect Rule

Answer 23

British colonialism
Colonial rule as enacted through localized interactions
Rule through pre-existing local power structures

Question 24

Mahmood Mandari

Answer 24

Linked indirect rule as responsible for post-colonial violence (Rwandan genocide)

Question 25

Direct Rule

Answer 25

France

Assimilation and ethnocentric understanding of progress

Question 26

According to Mandari Indirect and direct rule both rely on

Answer 26

Decentralized despotism

Question 27

Hauka

Answer 27

Hausa word for “craziness”

Question 28

3 steps to the ritual of reversal

Answer 28

Separation, liminality and reintegration

moving from one social status to another

Question 29

Separation

Answer 29

Move from accra to the rural compound

Question 30

Liminality

Answer 30

Exit from one’s normal social life and entrance into threshold phase where norms are suspended)

Question 31

Reintegration

Answer 31

exit liminal period and return to daily life

Question 32

Victor Turner

Answer 32

Rituals of reversal
Ndembu chieftain ritual 
Collective effervescence 
wipe clean social slate
Ritual as isolated social event that reinforces social norms

Question 33

Globalization

Answer 33

Anthony Giddens
Intensification of worldwide social relations which link distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away and vice versa

Question 34

Why is consumption important to look at

Answer 34

Material objects linked to economic exchange but also local identities and relationships
Formation of identities around these objects

Question 35

Felsenthal

Answer 35

Cultural appropriation - history of batiks - tribal prints

Question 36

Prestholdt

Answer 36

Power of the periphery to re-structure production across the world (bombay and salem)
“domesticating the world”
challenges the unilinear model of globalization and the idea that globalization is driven by the west and the idea that the local can be divided from the global
Taste and preferences as intermediaries in global exchange
Marginal individuals and groups have affected larger frameworks of globalization

Question 37

Centre-periphery models of global integration…

Answer 37

focuses on inequalities.

Core extracts resources from periphery which leads to inequality

Question 38

Walter Rodney

Answer 38

Europe underdeveloped africa
Exploitive trade relations
Unilinear models of globalization