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NMS 1 (Spinal Disorders) > Midterm 1 > Flashcards

Midterm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Define hemisensory neglect

A

Inability of a person to process and perceive stimuli on 1 side of the body/environment

Dysfxn of the CONTRAlateral parietal lobe (sensory cortex)

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2
Q

List the “Pure Patches” with a sensory exam

A 
C5
C6
C7
L4
L5
S1
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3
Q

What is astereognosis a disease of?

A

Dorsal Column

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4
Q

What is astereognosis?

A

Loss of vibration sense, proprioception, pressure sensation/deep touch

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5
Q

What is graphesthesia?

A

Ability to recognize letters or numbers being traced on the skin

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6
Q

What type of lesion causes agraphesthesia?

A

Contralateral parietal lobe affecting the association centre

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7
Q

What are secondary sensory modalities we use?

A

Stereognosis
Graphesthesia
2 point discrimination

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8
Q

T/F DTRs are a voluntary reaction of a muscle to being stretched by percussion of the tendon

A

False! Theyr’e involuntary

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9
Q

T/F DTRS have a sensory and motor component

A

True! Motor integrity is usually what is being tested though

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10
Q

T/F A grade of 3+ for a DTR of the biceps tendon is always considered pathologic

A

False

Grades of 1+, 2+ and 3+ are not normal nor pathologic

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11
Q

T/F A common cause of hyporeflexia is operator error

A

True

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12
Q

What do LMN lesions present with?

A

Hyporeflexia
Flaccid paresis (specific muscles)
Fasciculations
Marked atrophy

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13
Q

Another term for a grade 4+ DTR is?

A

Clonus (rhythmic oscillations b/w flexion and extension)

UMN lesion!

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14
Q

Patient present with the ability to feel the rough surface of sandpaper but cannot identify that it is sandpaper (lacks ability to associate). What would you suspect?

A

Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke

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15
Q

Which DTR is always abnormal?

A

Clonus

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16
Q

T/F Asymmetry of reflexes is often more important than overall tonus

A

True!

17
Q

T/F Absence of one or both reflexes can never be attributed to age

A

False! Age can be a huge factor

18
Q

Which nerve root does the biceps tendon reflex test?

A

C5

19
Q

Which nerve root does Brachioradialis tendon test?

A

C6

20
Q

Which nerve root does triceps tendon DTR test?

A

C7

21
Q

T/F It is always necessary to test DTRs bilaterally?

A

True

22
Q

What is the afferent/efferent nerve associated with biceps tendon DTR?

A

Musculocutaneous

23
Q

What is the afferent/efferent nerve associated with brachioradialis DTR?

A

Radial nerve

24
Q

Which afferent/efferent nerve is associated with triceps DTR?

A

Radial nerve

25
Q

Which nerve root is associated with the patellar tendon DTR?

A

L4

26
Q

Which nerve root does medial hamstring tendon DTR test?

A

L5

27
Q

Which nerve root does Achilles tendon DTR test?

A

S1

28
Q

What is the afferent/efferent nerve associated with patellar DTR?

A

Femoral nerve

29
Q

What is the afferent/efferent nerve associated with Medial Hamstring DTR?

A

Sciatic nerve

30
Q

Which afferent/efferent nerve is the achilles tendon DTR associated with?

A

Tibial nerve

31
Q

What is the motor exam looking for?

A

Motor neuron disease/lesion
Radiculopathies
Peripheral neuropathy weakness

32
Q

T/F Paralysis is the loss of voluntary movement which may be accompanied by sensory loss

A

True

33
Q

Patient presents with no tremors upon resting but when they go to scratch their leg, their hand begins to shake. Which type of tremor is it?

A

Kinetic tremor

34
Q

Patient presents with no additional movements during rest but when they reach for a glass, their hand begins to shake. The shaking gets worse as they get closer to the glass. Which type of tremor is this?

A

Kinetic tremor that is also intentional

35
Q

What is dysmetria?

A

Past-pointing, seen with ipsilateral lesion of the cerebellar hemisphere

Finger-nose testing will demonstrate even mild limb ataxia

36
Q

What tests can you use to test ipsilateral lesions of the cerebellar hemisphere?

A

Heel to Shin

Finger-nose tests

37
Q

What is truncal ataxia indicative of?

A

Midline cerebellar lesion

38
Q

Name a few things characteristic of a Parkinsonian Gait

A

Pt walks w/forward flexion
First step retardation/apraxia
Propulsion required to start gait
Marche a petit pas (march of little steps)
Festination (pt picks up speed as they move)
Difficulty stopping movement because of speed
Lack of arm movement during gait

NMS 1 (Spinal Disorders) (1 decks)

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