Midterm 1

Question 1

Alkane

Answer 1

-saturated hydrocarbons - contains only single bonds
-CnH2n+2
Sp^3 hybridization (tetrahedral) 109° ..

Question 2

alkene

Answer 2

unsaturated hydrocarbons - contains at least one double bond

Question 3

alkyne

Answer 3

unsaturated hydrocarbons - contains at least one triple bond

Question 4

aromatics

Answer 4

a special class of ring containing compoudns

Question 5

Molecular geometry

Answer 5

number of bonds around carbon atom gives us clues to molecular geometry…

Question 6

Hybridization

Answer 6

used to predict shape

sp^3 - 4 sigma bonds - tetrahedral - 109°

sp^2 - 3 sigma bonds - trigonal planar - 120°

sp - 2 sigma bonds - linear - 180°

Question 7

Alkanes (naming)

Answer 7

CH4 Methane
C2H6 Ethane
C3H8 Propane
C4H10 - Butane
C5H12 - Pentane
C6H14 - Hexane
C7H16 - Heptane
C8H18 - Octane
C9H20 - Nonane
C10H22 - Decane

Question 8

Alkanes and forces

Answer 8

-Only Van der Waals forces

Question 9

Alkanes and hydrogen bonding

Answer 9

-Can’t hydrogen bond

Question 10

Alkanes and boiling points

Answer 10

-Boiling point increases as size increases

Question 11

Alkanes and reactivity

Answer 11

• Unreactive and tough to break through because only single bonds
• React with O2, making water and carbon dioxide - release lots of energy upon formation

Question 12

What are primary/secondary/tertiary carbons/hydrogens?

Answer 12

Primary carbon - attached to one other carbon
secondary carbon - attached to two carbons..

primary hydrogen - a hydrogen attached to a primary carbon

secondary H - attached to a secondary carbon…

Primary carbons are most reactive and lose reactivity as move further away from primary.

Question 13

isomers

Answer 13

molecules that have the same formula but with differently arranged atoms

Question 14

Isomers flow chart

Answer 14

http://wpcontent.answcdn.com/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Isomerism.png/500px-Isomerism.png