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Clinical Psychology > Midterm 1 > Flashcards

Midterm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

righting (fixing) reflex

A

spinal cord reflexes potentiated from the cerebral cortex that enable the body to regain an upright posture when displaced by tilting, tripping, pushing, or contact with obstacles

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2
Q

four elements of the spirit of MI

A

Partnership
Acceptance
Compassion
Evocation

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3
Q

Foundational Skills of MI

A

Open-Ended Questions
Affirmations
Reflections (Simple and Complex)
Summary

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4
Q

Open-Ended Questions

A

questions that allow room for the client to respond with more than just a simple “yes” or “no”. Ex.: “how does that make you feel?

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5
Q

Affirmations

A

affirming what the client says without repetition of their words. Ex.: “That’s a good idea!”

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6
Q

Simple & Complex Reflections

A

Simple: stays close
– Repeating
– Rephrasing (substitutes synonyms)
Complex: makes a guess
– Paraphrasing—major restatement, infers meaning, “continuing the paragraph”

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7
Q

Summary

A

Periodically summarize what has
occurred in the counseling session

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8
Q

Change Talk

A

used to help the client change their ways and thinking, just change in general

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9
Q

Sustain Talk

A

used to help the conversation move forward without a change from the client

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10
Q

Four processes or tasks in MI (think engaging…)

A

Engaging, Focusing, Evoking, and Planning

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11
Q

Definition of Clinical Psychology

A

Addresses behavioral and mental health issues faced by individuals across a lifespan

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12
Q

Boulder Training Model

A

emphasizes both clinical practice and research equally

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13
Q

Vail Training Model

A

more focused on practice than research, gave rise to the PsyD

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14
Q

Clinical-Scientist Training Model

A

stresses the scientific side and focuses mainly on research

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15
Q

PhD Programs

A

Difficult to get accepted
More funding
Typically better training

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16
Q

PsyD Programs

A

Easier acceptance
Less funding (expensive)
Must be careful with training and accreditation

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17
Q

How does one become a licensed psychologist?

A

PhD from an accredited program
Clinical hours
Pre-doctoral internship
Post-internship hours
Licensing exam
State exam
Personal Fitness

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18
Q

How is clinical psychology similar to other mental health professions?

A
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19
Q

How is clinical psychology different from other mental health professions?

A
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20
Q

Dorothea Dix

A

founding or expansion of more than 30 hospitals for the treatment of the mentally ill, challenged the idea that people with mental disturbances could not be cured or helped

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21
Q

William Tuke

A

opened The Retreat in York, England, in 1792 for the new, humane care of people with mental illness, pioneer of moral treatment, managing patients without physical restraints

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22
Q

Philippe Pinel

A

humane treatment of the mentally ill, diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders, paved the way for modern psychotherapy

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23
Q

Eli Todd

A

1823 the Connecticut Retreat for the Insane was built in Hartford; its first patients were admitted in 1824, with Todd as the hospital’s first director, believed in humane care for the mentally ill

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24
Q

Lightner Whitmer

A

Formally founded clinical psychology and created the first clinic

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25
Emil Kraepelin
Father of Descriptive Psychiatry
26
Who developed the General Intelligence test?
Spearman
27
Who developed TAT?
Morgan & Murray
28
Who developed the inkblot?
Rorschach
29
Who developed the MMPI?
Hathaway & McKinley
30
Who developed the multiple intelligences test?
Thorndike
31
Who developed the first IQ tests?
Binet & Weschler
32
Who developed many specific abilities that add up to g?
Thurstone
33
4 forces of Psychology in Multiculturalism
Psychoanalysis Behaviorism Humanism Multiculturalism
34
Cultural Competence
cultural self-awareness, knowledge of diverse groups, culturally appropriate clinical skills
35
Multicultural Orientation
more of a mindest of openness and awareness, rather than specific skills to cultivate
36
Three pillars of MCO
Cultural humility, cultural opportunities, cultural comfort
37
Etic
we are all ultimately the same
38
Emic
We are all ultimately different
39
Multiculturalism Addressing Model
A: age/generation D: disabilities present since birth D: disabilities acquired later in life R: religion/spiritual orientation E: ethnicity/race S: socioeconomic status S: sexual orientation I: indigenous heritage N: national origin G: gender
40
Tripartite Model
Individual, Group, and Universal
41
Dynamic Sizing
ability to know the norm for a cultural group, and also understand that there is a heterogeneity and all members of a group may not fit that norm
42
APA efforts
- more training in multiculturalism is required for doctoral programs - APA divisions specific to cultural or diversity issues, journals and books dedicated to multicultural studies - changes in the DSM, assessment methods, and ethics requirements
43
why are interviews important?
- allows the clinician to get to know the patient, understand their perspective - build rapport, in-depth questions
44
goals of assessment
- diagnosis - description - treatment planning - evaluation - prediction
45
interviewing skills
being self-aware, developing positive working relationships (rapport), quieting yourself
46
attending behaviors
eye contact, body language, vocal qualities, verbal tracking, using proper name, observing client behaviors
47
pragmatics to consider
- notes or no notes - set up of room - recording or not - explaining the logistics to the client
48
directive interviews
ask clients for specific information
49
non-directive interviews
prompts for topics but allows clients to talk about what they want to talk about
50
types of interviews
- intake - diagnostic - crisis - mental status
51
structured interview
predetermined, planned-out questions
52
unstructured interviews
improvised questions based on what appears to be relevant in the moment
53
semi-structured interviews
use both methods to gather different types of info
54
achievement vs intelligence test
your natural capacity vs what you have already learned
55
fluid vs crystallized intelligence
ability to face new problems vs body of knowledge gained from life experiences
56
Neuropsychological tests
gauge mental function through visual, mental, and motor tasks (not a scan)
57
spearman
work in statistics, as a pioneer of factor analysis, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, discovery of the g factor
58
thurstone
Thurstone intelligence theory, intelligence comprises several different mental abilities
59
cattell
traits and types are not fundamentally different, but rather opposite extremes of the same statistical measures; source traits
60
sternberg
triarchic theory of intelligence, three distinct types of intelligence: practical, distinct, and analytical
61
gardner
theory of multiple intelligences: visual-spatial, verbal-linguistic, musical-rhythmic, logical-mathematical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic and bodily-kinesthetic
62
carroll
three-stratum theory, the first stratum includes specific abilities, the second stratum includes broad factors, and the third stratum encompasses a general factor called 'g'
63
stanford-binet
evaluates working memory through tasks that require the child to remember and manipulate information
64
Weschler
cognitive ability in several areas, such as vocabulary, comprehension, arithmetic, and reasoning skills
65
kaufman
a brief intelligence test designed as a screening measure for verbal and nonverbal abilities for individuals 4–90 years of age; Verbal Knowledge, Matrices, and Riddles
66
Unit-2 (non-verbal)
measures the general intelligence and three foundational cognitive abilities (memory, fluid reasoning, and quantitative reasoning) of children and adolescents from ages 5 years through 21 years, 11 months
67
Woodcook (WJ-ACH)
20 tests measuring reading, writing, mathematics, and academic knowledge
68
Weschler (WIAT)
measures performance across several academic domains, including reading, writing, mathematics, and oral language
69
ACT
to give colleges and universities an idea of how prepared you are for college-level work
70
SAT
Scholastic Aptitude Test
71
What is key in diagnosing learning disorders?
comparison of intelligence and achievement to average population levels
72
multi-method assessment
using multiple techniques to assess a person, allows for a more holistic, in-depth understanding of the person
73
culture influences....
EVERYTHING
74
Assimilation
a cognitive process that allows you to incorporate new information, ideas, or experiences into your existing knowledge or belief system
75
Separation
a process during which individuals seek independence, autonomy and self-perception on the basis of forming an intimate emotional connection with their parents
76
Homogeneity
the tendency for people to view members of outgroups as being more alike than members of the group they belong to
77
Projective Hypothesis
When you are administering a projective test, the person is responding in a way that tells about their unconscious thoughts
78
Advantages and disadvantages of structured interviews
Going to get answers you want, but don't get all of the information because you're not addressing client's problems

Clinical Psychology (1 decks)

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