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Psychology 1002 > Midterm 1 > Flashcards

Midterm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of intelligence?

A

Problem-solving skills and adaptation to daily experiences.

Slide 3

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2
Q

What do Western views of intelligence emphasize?

A

Adaptation, mental processes, and speed of processing.

Slide 4

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3
Q

What does the Confucian perspective on intelligence stress?

A

Lifelong learning and doing what is right.

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4
Q

What are the key aspects of the Taoist perspective on intelligence?

A

Humility, self-knowledge, and freedom from judgment.

Slide 6

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5
Q

What does the African perspective on intelligence emphasize?

A

Social responsibilities and cooperativeness.

Slides 7-8

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6
Q

What was Galton’s focus in testing intelligence?

A

Sensory abilities, which was later disproven by Wissler.

Slides 10-12

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7
Q

What is Binet’s formula for IQ?

A

(Mental Age ÷ Chronological Age) × 100.

Slides 14-15

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8
Q

What is reliability in the context of good tests?

A

Consistency of results over time.

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9
Q

What does validity refer to in testing?

A

Measures what the test intends to measure.

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10
Q

What is standardization in testing?

A

Uniform procedures and norm development.

Slide 22

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11
Q

How do cultural definitions of intelligence influence testing?

A

They influence test design.

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12
Q

What did Prifitera, Weiss & Saklofske (1998) find about SES and IQ scores?

A

SES significantly affects IQ scores, reducing apparent racial differences when controlled.

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13
Q

What is the Mozart Effect?

A

Temporary improvement in spatial reasoning linked to arousal from music.

Slide 31

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14
Q

What are the two factors in Spearman’s Two-Factor Theory?

A

General (g) and specific (s) factors.

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15
Q

What are Cattell’s types of intelligence?

A

Fluid (problem-solving) and Crystallized (accumulated knowledge).

Slide 35

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16
Q

What are the three types of intelligence in Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory?

A

Analytical, creative, and practical intelligence.

Slides 37-40

17
Q

What is emotional intelligence according to Salovey & Sluyter (1997)?

A

The ability to perceive, manage, and regulate emotions.

Slide 42

18
Q

What did Yip & Martin (2006) link emotional intelligence to?

A

Humor and social competence.

Slides 43-45

19
Q

What is a motive?

A

A need/want directing behavior toward a goal.

Slide 3

20
Q

What is Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?

A

A pyramid from physiological needs to self-actualization.

Slides 6-7

21
Q

What is the difference between drives and incentives?

A

Drives push behavior; incentives pull it.

Slide 9

22
Q

What is delay discounting?

A

The diminishing value of delayed rewards.

Slide 11

23
Q

What are the Big Three Needs according to Murray?

A

Achievement, Power, and Intimacy.

Slides 14-16

24
Q

What does Achievement Goal Theory focus on?

A

Mastery (learning-focused) and performance (outcome-focused) orientations.

Slides 19-22

25
Q

What characterizes Anorexia Nervosa?

A

Persistent energy restriction and distorted body image.

Slides 25-27

26
Q

What characterizes Bulimia Nervosa?

A

Binge eating and compensatory behaviors.

Slides 28-30

27
Q

What are the components of emotion?

A

Physiological arousal, cognitive experience, and behavioral expression.

Slide 33

28
Q

What is the James-Lange theory of emotion?

A

Emotion follows physiological response.

Slide 35

29
Q

What is the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion?

A

Simultaneous physiological and emotional response.

Slide 36

30
Q

What does the Schachter-Singer theory state?

A

Physiological arousal plus cognitive label leads to emotion.

Slide 37

31
Q

What is the Facial Feedback Hypothesis?

A

Facial expressions influence emotions.

Slides 39-40

32
Q

What are the components of Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love?

A

Intimacy, passion, and commitment.

Slides 42-44

33
Q

What factors influence attraction?

A

Propinquity, similarity, and reciprocal liking.

Slides 46-50

Psychology 1002 (1 decks)

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