Midterm 1

Question 1

Variability

Answer 1

How Spread out the data is

Question 2

CV

Answer 2

stdev/mean

Question 3

Individual

Answer 3

The objects that are the focus of the study. Basically who/what the data is about

Question 4

Variable

Answer 4

The characteristic of the individual that is being recorded or measured

Question 5

Categorical

Answer 5

Variables that function as names/labels for objects. Essentially this is non-numerical data

Question 6

Quantitative

Answer 6

Variables that are measurements. Essentially this is numerical data.

Question 7

How do you calculate Percent Frequency?

Answer 7

Percent Frequency (PERCENT) = Frequency / Size of the dataset

Question 8

How do you calculate Relative Frequency?

Answer 8

Relative Frequency (DECIMAL) = Frequency / Size of the dataset

Question 9

What is the Frequency Distribution?

Answer 9

A table listing each unique category in a dataset next to that categories frequency

Question 10

How do you calculate frequency of the number 10 in row A on excel?

Answer 10

=COUNTIF(A:A9,”10”)

Question 11

How do you form number classes for the range 300-400, using the numbers from the column B?

Answer 11

=COUNTIFS($B$1:$B$57,”>=300”,$B$1:$B$57,”<=400”)

Question 12

Cumulative Frequency

Answer 12

The cumulative frequency of a class (number range) is the frequency
74 of that class, summed together with the frequencies of each class that came before it

Question 13

What’s a histogram and how is it different from a bar graph?

Answer 13

A histogram is like a bar graph, but for quantitative data. The huge visual difference between a histogram and a bar graph is that a histogram has NO gaps between the bars.

Question 14

Positive Correlation

Answer 14

Relatively large X -> Relatively large Y

Question 15

Negative Correlation

Answer 15

Relatively large X -> Relatively small Y

Question 16

What is the Mode?

Answer 16

It is the value with the largest frequency.

Question 17

How do you calculate mode on excel with values in column C?

Answer 17

=MODE.MULT(C:C)

Question 18

What is the median?

Answer 18

The literal center of the dataset. It is a value such that exactly 50% of the values in the dataset will be smaller/larger than when lined up.

Question 19

How do you calculate the median on excel?

Answer 19

=MEDIAN(C70:K70)

Question 20

What is the mean?

Answer 20

The arithmetic average of a set of numbers. It essentially considers the size of each number as its mass, and tries
to find a sort of “center of gravity” for that mass

Question 21

How do you calculate the mean on excel?

Answer 21

=AVERAGE(C85:K85)

Question 22

how do you calculate percents of a dataset in excel?

Answer 22

=percentile.inc(array, k)

Question 23

how do you calculate the first quartile?

Answer 23

=quartile.inc(dataset, 1)

Question 24

how do you calculate the second quartile?

Answer 24

=median(dataset)

Question 25

how do you calculate the third quartile?

Answer 25

=quartile.inc(dataset, 3)

Question 26

how do you calculate the fourth quartile?

Answer 26

=max(dataset)

Question 27

what is the range?

Answer 27

The difference between the maximum and the minimum of a dataset.

Question 28

how do you calculate the range in excel for data that’s in the 8th row, through D and H?

Answer 28

=MAX(D8:H8)-MIN(D8:H8)

Question 29

What is the Interquartile Range (IQR)?

Answer 29

It is difference between the third quartile (Q3) and the first quartile (Q1). This represents the spread
of the “middle 50%” of the dataset.

Question 30

How do you calculate the Interquartile Range (IQR) in rows 40 columns D through H?

Answer 30

=QUARTILE.INC(D40:H40,3)-QUARTILE.INC(D40:H40,1)

Question 31

What is the standard deviation?

Answer 31

The average deviation between the values in the dataset, and the mean of the dataset.

Question 32

What is the long way to compute the stdev? (5 Steps)

Answer 32

1) Compute the mean of the dataset
2) Take the difference between every value in the dataset and the mean
3) Square each difference found in step 2
4) “average” the differences^2 computed in step 3 by summing them and dividing by (amount of values - 1). This gives
us the variance
5) Take the square root of the variance to get the standard deviation

Question 33

What is the command for standard deviation?

Answer 33

=STDEV.S(A:A)

Question 34

What is the variance?

Answer 34

the square of the standard deviation.

Question 35

How do you get the variance ine xce;? excel?

Answer 35

=VAR.S(A:A)

Question 36

What is the co-efficient of the Variant? (CV)

Answer 36

it represents what percentage of the mean the stdev makes up

Question 37

Standard Value (z-score)

Answer 37

The z-score of a value in a dataset represents how far that value is from
the mean of the dataset, in terms of standard deviations

Question 37

How do you calculate the Z-score?

Answer 37

z-score = (Value - Mean) / Stdev

Question 37

What do we use to determine if a number is an outlier in excel?

Answer 37

We use the IQR rule: lower and upper fence formulas.

Question 38

What are the formulas for lower and upper fence in excel?

Answer 38

Lower Fence = Q1 - 1.5IQR
Upper Fence = Q3 + 1.5IQR

Question 39

What is included in a 5 number summary?

Answer 39

Min, median, max, Q1, and q3.

Question 40

(TRUE or FALSE) In general, if a value in a dataset has a z-score of 5, we would consider that an extremely large value in comparison to the rest of the dataset

Answer 40

True,any z score above -1 or 1 is very large.

Question 41

What has to be true about a dataset for there to be a standard deviation equal to 0?

Answer 41

every number in the dataset needs to be the same