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Psych 1001 midterm 1 > midterm 1 > Flashcards

midterm 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is psychology

A

the study of human behavior and the psychological and cognitive processes beneath it

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2
Q

nativism

A

inborn knowledge

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3
Q

empiricism

A

experiential knowledge

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4
Q

major philosophers

A

Socrates, Plato, Aristotle

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5
Q

Wilhelm Wundt

A

established the first school of psych, structuralism

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6
Q

Structuralism

A

analyze consciousness down to its basic elements and investigate how they’re related

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7
Q

introspection

A

the careful systematic observation of one’s own conscious experiment

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8
Q

William James

A

Functionalism

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9
Q

Functionalism

A

investigate the function of consciousness, rather than structure

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10
Q

Functionalism research and methods

A

mental testing, sex differences, studying how people adapted their behaviour to the world around them

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11
Q

John B. Watson

A

Behaviorism

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12
Q

Ivan Pavlov

A

Behaviourism

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13
Q

behaviourism

A

the idea that psychology should study only observable behavior, nurture side

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14
Q

Sigmund Freud

A

Psychoanalysis, treated people who suffered mental health issues, others include Carl Jung, Alfred Adler

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15
Q

Unconscious

A

Thoughts, memories, and desires that are below conscious awareness abut still influence behaviour

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16
Q

Psychoanalysis

A

people are not masters of their own minds

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17
Q

B.F. Skinner

A

acknowledged internal events but claimed they could not be studied scientifically, behaviorism re-emerges

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18
Q

Humanism

A

Emphasizes the unique qualities of humans, especially their capacity for freedom and growth

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19
Q

Carl Rogers

A

Humanism, person centered therapy

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20
Q

Abraham Moslow

A

Humanism, hierarchy of needs

21
Q

Cognition

A

mental processes involved in acquiring knowledge

22
Q

neuroscience

A

cognitive revolution, research on the brain and its role in behaviour

23
Q

Jean Piaget

A

Cognition

24
Q

Donald Hebb

A

Father of neuroscience

25
Q

WEIRD - focus on culture

A

Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic

26
Q

modern psychology - evolutionary psychology

A

examines behavioural processes in terms of their adaptive value for species members over many generations

27
Q

natural selection favours…

A

behaviours that enhance reproductive success

28
Q

Martin Seligman

A

Launched positive psychology movement

29
Q

positive psychology

A

uses theory and research to better understand the positive aspects of the human experience

30
Q

positive psychology focuses on

A

positive subjective experiences
positive individual traits
positive institutions and communities

31
Q

Psychology today

A

the science of behaviour and the psychological and cognitive processes behind it

32
Q

Psychology subfields

A

Forensic Psychology, Health Psychology, Developmental psychology and experimental psychology

33
Q

Forensic Psychology

A

application of psychology in legal settings

34
Q

Health Psychology

A

how psychology contributes to the physical health and treatment of illnesses

35
Q

Developmental Psychology

A

studies psychology over a lifespan

36
Q

experimental psychology

A

traditional core topics in psychology like sensation, perception, learning and conditioning

37
Q

Personality Psychology

A

studies behaviour that shows personality

38
Q

Psychometrics

A

measurement of behaviour and capabilities through test development

39
Q

Educational Psychology

A

how people learn and the best ways to teach them

40
Q

Cognitive Psychology

A

studies higher mental processes

41
Q

Behavioural neuroscience

A

the influence of genetic factors and the role of the brain and related systems

42
Q

Social Psychology

A

studies interpersonal behaviours

43
Q

Clinical Psychology

A

branch of psych that studies diagnosis and treatments

44
Q

Counselling psychology

A

working with people struggling with everyday problems like family, marriage, career through interviews, testing

45
Q

Educational/School Psych

A

studies educational processes in school

46
Q

Industrial/Organizational Psychology

A

improves organizational structures and practices and job satisfaction and productivity

47
Q

Seven Key Themes

A
  1. Psych is theoretically diverse
  2. Evolves in a sociohistorical context
  3. Psych is empirical
  4. Behaviour is determined by multiple causes
  5. Behaviour is shaped by cultural heritage
  6. Heredity and environment influence behaviour
  7. People’s experience of the world is subjective
48
Q
A

Psych 1001 midterm 1 (1 decks)

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