Midterm 1 Flashcards
What are spatial data and why do we need them
Coordinates define location, shape, extent of geographic phenomena
problems, emergency services, public organizations.
Toolbox def
Computer based system to aid in collection, maintenance, storage, analysis, output and distribution of spatial data
information system def
Information system or database system with specific capabilities for spatially referenced sata s well as a set of operations for working with data
feature model
divides a mapped landscape into features or discrete objects. Points, lines, areas.
Scientific approach
GIScience: Research both on and with GIS , development and application of GIS
components of a typical GIS
Hardware. Software data, humans, and set or organizational protocols
What are coordinates
define location in two or 3D space
What is a Cartesian coordinate system
x and y coordinate. Defines in a two dimensional surface and define location of features in data layers
- distorted
What is a spherical coordinate system
defines 3d, two angels of rotation on a sphere with a fixed radius
What is the Geographic Coordinate System (GCS)
earths spherical coordinate system, ranging from 90 degrees south to north in latitude and 180 degrees west to east in longitude
latitude
angular distance morth or south of equator (0 to 90 degrees)
Longitude
east or west of a point on earth surface (0 to 180 degrees)
parallel
line with constant latitude running east to west
Meridian
line with constant longitude running from north pole to south pole
Prime meridian
0 longitude meridian
