Midterm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is psychology?

A

the study of mind and behavior

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2
Q

william james

A

1st american psychologist

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3
Q

structuralism

A

focused on understanding the conscious experience through introspection

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4
Q

functionalism

A

emphasized how mental activities helped an organism adapt to its environment

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5
Q

sigmund freud

A

studied the unconscious mind

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6
Q

ID

A

unconscious part that is the cauldron of raw drives (sex and aggression)

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7
Q

Ego

A

rational and reasonable

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8
Q

super ego

A

conscious

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9
Q

5 developmental stages

A

oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital

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10
Q

gesalt psychology

A

views mind as a whole

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11
Q

psychoanalytic theory

A

focus on the role of the unconscious in affecting conscious behavior

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12
Q

ivan pavlov

A

behavior/conditioned reflex
“dog salivation”

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13
Q

john b watson

A

behaviorist

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14
Q

B.F. Skinner

A

behaviorist
- operant conditioning

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15
Q

humanism

A

Perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that innate to all humans
- Carl rodgers

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16
Q

abrahman maslow

A

hierarchy of needs

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17
Q

behaviorism

A

focus on oberservings and controlling

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18
Q

5 pillars of psychology

A
  1. biological
  2. cognitive
  3. development
  4. social and personality
  5. mental and physical health
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19
Q

biopsychology

A

application on the principles of biology to the study of mental process and behavior

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20
Q

Evolutionary psych

A

study the biological causes of behavior

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21
Q

cognitive psych

A

focuses on studying cognition/thoughts and their relationship to our experiences and actions

22
Q

developmental psychology

A

study development over a life span

23
Q

jean piaget

A

theory of cognitive developmental

24
Q

social psychology

A

how peoples thoughts, feelings and behaviors are influenced by actual, imagined or implied presence of other

25
Q

5 personality dimensions

A
  1. openness (imagination, feelings, actions and ideas)
  2. conscientiousness (competence, discipline, thoughtfulness and goal driven)
  3. extroversion (sociability, assertiveness, emotional, expression)
  4. agreeableness (cooperative, trustworthy and good-natured)
  5. Neuroticism (tendency toward, unstable emotions)
26
Q

personality psychology

A

study of thoughts and behaviors that make each individual unique

27
Q

personality trait

A

consistent pattern of thought and behavior

28
Q

theory

A

set of ideas explaining phenomenon, allowing predictions

29
Q

hypothesis

A

testable prediction

30
Q

empirical

A

replying on sense observations

31
Q

generalizable

A

results apply to other settings

32
Q

public verifiable

A

Independent others can replicate

33
Q

hypothesis driven

A

Predicting relationships between variables

34
Q

mamie clark

A

different race doll study

35
Q

WEIRD

A

Western
Educated
Industrialized
Rich
Democratic

36
Q

Descriptive research

A

one or more variables
longitudinal
cross-sectional

37
Q

correlational research

A

at least 2 variables
to what extent do 2 variables occur together?
ranged from -1.00 to +1.00

38
Q

experimental research

A

at least one variable is manipulated (independent)
one variable is measured as result of manipulation (dependent)

39
Q

what is the scientific method?

A

make an observation
ask a question
form a hypothesis
make a prediction
do an experiment
analyze results
report results

40
Q

verifiability

A

experiment must be replicable by another researcher

41
Q

predictability

A

theory should enable us to make predictions about future events

42
Q

falsifiability

A

whether a hypothesis can get disproved

43
Q

fairness

A

all data must be considered when evaluating a hypothesis

44
Q

james-lange theory

A

emotional experience relies on the physiological arousal associated with the emotional state

45
Q

IRB

A

Institutional review board

46
Q

IACUC

A

animal care committee

47
Q

debriefing

A

when an experiment involved deception, participants are told complete truthful info ab the experiment

48
Q

deception

A

purposely misleading experiment pariticipants in order to maintain the integrity or experiment

49
Q

informed concent

A

informing research participant what to expect

50
Q

correlational research

A

observe and measure phenomena

51
Q

descriptive studies

A

research studies that dont test specific relationship between variables