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dispensing lab midterm > midterm 1 > Flashcards

midterm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

how many cm are in 1inch

A

2.54

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2
Q

how many cm is the near pd?

A

40

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3
Q

how many cm is inter pd?

A

60

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4
Q

what is the measurements for distance pd?

A

infinite

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5
Q

where do you look first when adjusting a frame?

A

the face front

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6
Q

what is the origin of the frame

A

the bridge

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7
Q

2 facial complexions

A

warm: golden and peaches and cream
cool: blue or pinks

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8
Q

name and describe all the facial shapes

A

DORITOS

diammond- wide cheek bones and narrow jaw and forehead
oblong- longer than it is wide
round- height and width appear equal
inverted triangle- wide forehead narrow chin
triangle- narrow forehead and wide jaw
oval- chin slightly narrow than forehead and cheekbones are high. most common face shape
square- tall as it is wide

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9
Q

what are all the frame shape alignments and describe them

A
  1. frame shape alignment- general frame shape
  2. proper face form- from the center of the lens out, the curve of the frame should be approx 5%
  3. skewed bridge- both lenses are not the same height. (describe picture)
  4. variant planes (coplanar alignment)- one lens sits closer to the eye than the other (describe picture)
  5. x-ing: the bridge is twisted (describe picture)
  6. check for temple bows and bends!
  7. pantoscopic tilt- the curve of the frame should be 10-15 degrees. (describe picture)
  8. open temple spread (let back angle)- this is the angle the open temples form in relationship to the front of the frame
  9. temple fold angle- temples should be adjusted to form a straight line when in a closed position
  10. Temple bends- the temple mastoid should be 45 degrees down and 15 degrees in.
  11. 4 point touch- should be done upside down first. alll 4 points of a frame should touch the surface evenly.
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10
Q

reasons why a frame might sit leaning to one side of a patients face

A
  1. xing
    2.pantoscopic tilt
  2. there could be be some bows and bends
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11
Q

optyl (plastic)

A

has no core wire on temples. a liquid resin and a hardner are mixed together to create the frame

PROS- very flexible and is appropriate for patients when they’re allergic to other frame materials
CONS- brittle and easy to break

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12
Q

cellulose acetate (plastic)

A

most common and popular frame material. made from short fiber of the cotton seed.

Pros- easy to work with and limitless colors
cons- plasticizers in frame can cause allergic reactions

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13
Q

difference between pantoscopic tilt and angle

A

panto tilt: deals with lens
panto angle: frame

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14
Q

When looking at a face shape, where do the dots usual line on the face?

A

by the brows, cheeks, and jaw

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15
Q

in a general frame shape, what should a frame do?

A

should enhance and counter balance any frame shape that isn’t oval

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16
Q

what style is best for a diamond face shape?

A

square frames, frames with straight top and rounded bottom

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17
Q

line bifocal should measure…

A

lower lid margin

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18
Q

trifocals should measure….

A

lower pupil margin

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19
Q

measure for progressive lenses…

A

middle of the pupil

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20
Q

what is the most popular frame material?

A

cellulose acetate

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21
Q

how many cm is the pupil to lower lid margin?

A

4-5cm
but maybe 5

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22
Q

which frame material can be damaged by alcohol?

cellulose acetate
cellulose propionate
nylon
polyamide

A

cellulose propionate

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23
Q

to raise or fix one side of the frame, what should be done or checked

A

pantoscopic tilt
temple bows or bends
x-ing

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24
Q

cross swords is another word for

A

closing angle position

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25
Q

the back of the spherical lens is called

A

ocular curve

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26
Q

measure front of the spherical single vision lens is called

A

base curve

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27
Q

2 types of temple tips for metal and plastic frames

A

metal: comfort cable
plastic: riding bow

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28
Q

how many mm is from middle of pupil to lower pupil margin?

A

2mm

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29
Q

what styles is best for an oval face shape?

A

almost any style works well

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30
Q

what styles fits a round face shape?

A

frames with colored and high temples makes the face look longer, consider slightly curved and soft square frames

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31
Q

what style fits an inverted triangle face shape?

A

round on top and squared at the bottom frames. slightly curved frames

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32
Q

what style fits a triangle face shape?

A

recommend mid to high temple styles, square frames, aviators, rimless bottoms

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33
Q

what style fits an oblong face shape?

A

low temples and bridges. round, deep, square frames.

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34
Q

what style fits a square face shape?

A

slightly angular shapes with curved corners. frames with weight on top.

35
Q

What are the insets?

A

1.0: less than or equal to 57
1.5: 58-61
2.0: 62-64
2.5: 65-67
3.0: greater than or equal to 68

36
Q

to check for temple parallelism, what do you do?

A

table top test (4 point touch)

37
Q

nose pad alignments (describe pictures for both).

A
  1. horizontal plane alignment- make sure the top of the nose bars are the same. First nose pad adjustment
  2. frontal angle- view from the front of the frame. alignment should be about 20 degrees.
  3. splay angle- should be seen from top view. this angle deals with the sloping of the sides of the nose. bench alignment should be 25-30 degrees
  4. vertical angle- nose pads would be adjusted with a reverse 15 degrees. This would give the notepad the appearance that the bottom of the pad is closer to the eye wire than the top of the pad.
38
Q

describe and name 3 hand tools

A

• nose pad pliers: helps to adjust nose pads.
• angling pliers: used to pantoscopic angle adjustments and temple fold angle.
• round half-paded pliers- can be helpful when decreasing or increasing open temple spread.

39
Q

monel

A

an alloy composed of up to 67% nickel, 30% copper, and 2% iron. Popular frame material in 60s and 70s.

PRO: affordable, strong and thin
CON: nickel in monel is corrosive and can cause allergic skin reaction.

40
Q

Titanium

A

one of the most used metal frame material. Is ersatile and abundant material

PRO: strong, light and hypoallergenic
CON: difficult to adjust and titanium can be costly.

41
Q

stainless steel

A

one of the most popular eyewear materials. Mainly made from iron and chrome. An alloy of steel that is highly resistant to corrosion.

PRO: strong, thin, and durable.
CON: very difficult to adjust.

42
Q

the temple design most commonly found on a frame that bends behind the ear

A

skull temple

43
Q

first plastic material (zylinte) that was dangerous and flammable?

A

cellulose nitrate

44
Q

what is the common semi synthetic plastic material used today, with its many benefits used today like adjustability and vast variety of colors.?

A

cellulose acetate

45
Q

what is thermo plastic, that is brittle and cold but bends very easily with heat?

A

optyl

46
Q

frame material that is strong, lightweight, hypoallergenic but expensive. Considered to be most premier

A

titanium

47
Q

most common alloy frame used today made from copper, iron, nickel, and traces of other elements

A

monel

48
Q

in a bench aligned frame, the frame wrap or face form should be approx

A

5%

49
Q

on a bench aligned frame, the open temple spread or let back angle should be approximately how many degrees

A

90 degrees

50
Q

coplanar alignment is also known as

A

variant planes

51
Q

what is term known as twisted the bridge

A

x-ing

52
Q

On a bench aligned frame, the nose pads frontal angle should be about

A

20 degrees

53
Q

the most often overlooked nose pad adjustment on a metal frame

A

the vertical

54
Q

in general frame shape should do what to facial structure

A

enhance and counterbalance

55
Q

easiest way to determine face shape is to assign dots to the

A

brows, cheeks, and jaw

56
Q

what is considered the most ideal face shape

A

oval

57
Q

what should you do when styling round faces

A

make the face appear longer and thinner

58
Q

how to style square faces

A

more oval and curved

59
Q

how to style an inverted triangle, should avoid what frame

A

try not to draw attention to the forehead

60
Q

what is a typical frame that you would avoid for “peaches and cream”skin tone (warm)

A

shiny and silver

61
Q

if the frame appears slightly narrow on the patient what should you do?

A

increase let back angle (open temple spread)

62
Q

if you want to make the right side of the frame closer to the eye, what can they do?

A

decrease the open temple spread

63
Q

if you wanted to raise the left side of a frame, what can you do

A

panto tilt

64
Q

if optician wants to lower one side of the frame but no end piece adjust can be made, what should you do

A

temple bow up or down

65
Q

if the optician wanted to raise the entire frameC what should you don

A

the guard arms

66
Q

safest way adjust a plastic frame

A

hands and heat

67
Q

safest way to adjust a metal frame

A

brace and bend

68
Q

best 2 hand tools for brace and bend

A

half padded and double padded pliers

69
Q

what hand tools are best for pantoscopic angle and closing angle djustment

A

wide angling pliers

70
Q

what handstools are safest to use on plastic frames to adjust panto and temple fold angle

A

wide angling pliers

71
Q

what is the number you should set in the pupilometer for an intermediate

A

60

72
Q

what else can a crp be used to measure pd

A
73
Q

what pd measure should you use for progressive

A

monocular distance

74
Q

what pd measurement is used for lined bifocal

A

binocular distance /2

75
Q

what is the measurement of a blended bifocal

A

1mm higher

76
Q

the tool used to drive out rivets on a riveting hinge repair, is called what

A

distaking tools

77
Q

when replacing a nylon cord mount ridgeless frame, the optician should also inspect

A

figure 8 upper line

78
Q

when shortening temple tips, 3 situations were shown, all shortening the core wire. But scenario 3 also did what

A

cutting the plastic temple tip too

79
Q

the patient complains of a narrow field of reading in a progressive and all the measurements seem accurate. The optician could

A

start with a monocular near, add the manufactures inset and create a new distance pd and order new lenses

80
Q

if the patients complains of a mark or pain on the left side of the nose, what should you do

A

check and decrease the opposite bend and check the splay.

81
Q

if a patient complains of the lashes hitting the frame, what should the optician do

A

decrease and flatten face form, increase vertex distance with the nose pads and guard arms, increase panto angle. (all of the above)

82
Q

if a myopic complained of a fishbowl effect, what should an optician do

A

decrease face form and vertex distance

83
Q

what would the pantoscopic tilt look like when a bench aligned frame that was not custom adjusted, if the bridge is higher than the top of the ears.

A

orthoscopic tilt or slight retro

dispensing lab midterm (1 decks)

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