Midterm 1

Question 1

What is the term for the integration of research, expert clinical practice, client preferences, and professional judgment to provide the best care?

Answer 1

Evidence based practice

Question 2

What are 5 steps to evidence based practice?

Answer 2

1. Ask 2. Access 3. Appraise 4. Apply 5. Assess

Question 3

What is a PICOT question?

Answer 3

A question based on 1. Patient population 2. Intervention/issue 3. Comparison intervention/group 4. Outcome 5. Time frame

Question 4

Name 6 levels of evidence

Answer 4

1. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses
2. Randomized controlled trials
3. Cohort studies
4. Case-control studies
5. Case study
6. Editorials, expert opinion

Question 5

What is the term for going over all the evidence available on a clinical question, determining which articles are good, and synthesizing all of them together to find patterns?

Answer 5

Systematic review

Question 6

What is the term for consolidating data from different studies using statistics?

Answer 6

Meta-analysis

Question 7

What is the term for research involving a treatment group and a placebo group?

Answer 7

Randomized control trials

Question 8

Which type of study involves two groups being given the same treatment, one group is from a target population while the other is not, and then the quantitative results are compared?

Answer 8

Cohort studies

Question 9

Which type of study involves two groups, one group being from the target population and the other is not, taking patient histories from all subjects and then comparing them?

Answer 9

Case control studies

Question 10

What is the term for a detailed report on only one patient?

Answer 10

Case studies

Question 11

What is the term for research based on describing lived experiences?

Answer 11

Phenomenology

Question 12

What is the term for creating theory based on systematically collected data?

Answer 12

Grounded theory

Question 13

What type of research is concerned with the examination of cultures?

Answer 13

Ethnography

Question 14

What type of research is concerned with understanding social issues and empowering the research subjects to effect change?

Answer 14

Participatory action

Question 15

What type of research is concerned with patterns of trends of past events?

Answer 15

Historical research

Question 16

What type of research is concerned with interpreting stories told by subjects regarding their experiences?

Answer 16

Narrative research

Question 17

What type of research involves controlled clinical trials that are NOT randomized?

Answer 17

Quasi-experimental research

Question 18

What type of research does NOT involve manipulation of a variable, and merely obtains results through observation?

Answer 18

Non-experimental research

Question 19

What type of research investigates the relationships between two variables that are NOT manipulated by the researcher?

Answer 19

Correlational research

Question 20

Which Act of 1867 made public health the responsibility of provinces?

Answer 20

Constitution Act

Question 21

Which Act of 1876 gave the government control over most aspects of Indigenous life?

Answer 21

Indian Act

Question 22

What Act of 1957 gave the federal government the responsibility to cover half of all health services costs?

Answer 22

Hospital Insurance and Diagnostic Services Act (HIDSA)

Question 23

What Act did Saskatchewan pass in 1962 that ensured a provincial medical insurance plan?

Answer 23

Medical Care Insurance Act

Question 24

What Act of 1966 ensured the federal government would cover half of health costs for doctors and programs outside of hospitals?

Answer 24

Medical Care Act

Question 25

What Act of 1984 consolidated all federal medical insurance acts?

Answer 25

Canada Health Act

Question 26

Name 5 principles of Primary Health Care

Answer 26

1. Health Promotion 2. Public Participation 3. Accessibility 4. Intersectoral Cooperation 5. Appropriate Technology

Question 27

Name 4 pillars of Primary Health Care

Answer 27

1. Healthy Living 2. Information 3. Access 4. Teams

Question 28

Name 5 levels of Health Care

Answer 28

1. Health Promotion 2. Disease and Injury Prevention 3. Diagnosis and Treatment 4. Rehabilitation 5. Supportive Care

Question 29

Name 3 sectors of health care delivery

Answer 29

1. Institutional 2. Community 3. Private

Question 30

Which report in the 1970s called upon the health care system to shift it focus to a more behavioral/holistic approach?

Answer 30

Lalonde Report, aka A New Perspective on the Health of Canadians

Question 31

Which report in 2002 concluded that medicare is sustainable, and needs to be modernized in order for preservation?

Answer 31

Romanow report, aka Royal Commission on the Future of Health Care in Canada

Question 32

Which report in 2002 concluded that medicare in unsustainable, and the private sector must be strengthened?

Answer 32

Kirby report, aka The Health of Canadians - The Federal Role

Question 33

What is a main barrier to primary health care?

Answer 33

Interprofessional Collaboration

Question 34

Which report in 1986 identified 3 major challenges of health care and created a framework for health promotion?

Answer 34

Epp report, aka Achieving Health for All: A Framework for Health Promotion

Question 35

Name 3 challenges in achieving health for all

Answer 35

1. Inequities 2. Prevention 3. Coping

Question 36

Name 3 health promotion mechanisms in achieving health for all

Answer 36

1. Mutual aid 2. Healthy environments 3. Self care

Question 37

What are 3 domains of learning?

Answer 37

1. Cognitive 2. Psychomotor 3. Affective

Question 38

Name 5 principles of learning

Answer 38

1. Learning environment 2. Ability to learn 3. Learning style 4. Motivation to learn 5. Cultural considerations

Question 39

Name some examples of cognitive teaching methods (6)

Answer 39

1. Discussion 2. Storytelling 3. Lecture 4. Q&A 5. Role play 6. Independent projects

Question 40

Name some examples of affective teaching methods (2)

Answer 40

1. Role play 2. Discussion

Question 41

Name some examples of psychomotor teaching methods (4)

Answer 41

1. Demonstration 2. Practice 3. Return demonstration 4. Independent projects and games

Question 42

Names some examples of teaching tools (4)

Answer 42

1. Printed material 2. Programmed instruction 3. Computer resources 4. Audiovisual materials