Midterm 1

Question 1

Types of Macronutrients

Answer 1

• need in large amount
• Carbohydrates - simple and complex (Fibre) - Energy/ nervous system, heart, kidneys
• Lipids (provide or store energy)
• Water (no energy)

Question 2

Types of Micronutrients

Answer 2

• Lesser amounts
• Vitamins and minerals (enzymes/ cofactors)
• Various roles - energy production, digestion etc.

Question 3

Nutrient density

Answer 3

• Is the amount of nutrients per calorie of food
• high nutrient density foods: more nutrients per calorie —-> vegetables, fruits, whole-grains…
• low nutrients would be considered —> cakes, sugary drinks, French fries.

Question 4

What beverage does Canada’s food guide recommend?

Answer 4

Water🤪

Question 5

Difference between experimental evidence, observational evidence, and anecdotal evidence?

Answer 5

⭐️ sound nutritional thinking ⭐️
- Scientific evidence
—> proof ( research studies, experimentation, systematic observation, measurement )
—> reliable and credible

• Anecdotal evidence
  —> testimony (true or false, isolated experiences, personal opinions)
  —> misleading

Question 6

Human digestive system

Answer 6

mouth: chews food and mixes with saliva

Salivary glands: produce saliva, which contains a starch-digesting enzymes

Pharynx: swallows chewed foods mixed with saliva

Esophagus: moves food to the stomach

Stomach: Turns and mixes food; secretes acid and a protein- digesting enzyme

Liver: Makes bile, which aids in digestion and absorption of fat

Pancreas: Releases bicarbonate to neutralize intestinal contents; produces enzymes that digests carbohydrates, proteins, and fats

Gallbladder: stores bile and releases it into the small intestine when needed

Small intestine: Absorbs into blood or lymph; most digestion occurs here

Large intestine: Absorbs water and some vitamins and minerals; home to intestinal bacteria; passes waste material

Anus: opens to allow waste to leave the body