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Ocular disease > Midterm 1 > Flashcards

Midterm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

teal cap

A

prostaglandin

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2
Q

prostaglandin method of action

A

increase uveoscleral outflow

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3
Q

vyzulta

A

metabolized in eye to become a prostaglandin; uses nitric oxide to vasodilate and relax cell of TM
better than latanoprost, but costs more

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4
Q

SE of prostaglandin

A

conjunctival redness –> dose at night
eyelash growth, fat eye atrophy, increase pigment on lid, iris
rarely herpes simplex keratitis reactivation

CME risk post cataract sx (d/c PGA for 7-10 days prior)

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5
Q

PGA dosing

A

once a day (if more = desensitized and causes paradoxical IOP elevation)

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6
Q

what med to add to a PGA?

A

Beta blocker

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7
Q

Beta blocker dosing

A

in the morning (works on sympathetic system)

once to twice a day

low –> high concentration

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8
Q

Beta blocker mechanism of action

A

decrease aqueous production

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9
Q

Beta blocker cap color

A

baby blue or yellow

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10
Q

considerations/contraindications

A

need to measure heart rate before prescribe a beta-blocker

contraindicated w/ heart, lungs, or DM

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11
Q

CAI dosing

A

three times a day as a monotherapy

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12
Q

CAI (e.g. dorzolamide) cap color

A

orange

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13
Q

CAI mechanism of action

A

inhibit isoenzyme II on ciliary process to decrease aqueous production

(corneal edema only in compromised corneas)

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14
Q

alpha-2 adrenergic agonists example

A

apraclonidine (short term) or brimonidine (long term, possible neuroprotective effect)

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15
Q

alpha-2 adrenergic agonist mechanism of action

A

decrease aqueous production AND increase uveoscleral outflow

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16
Q

Alpha-2 considerations

A

good option for those w/ cardio issues

high rate of reaction w/ sulfa allergies

tid

contraindications: low BP

17
Q

alpha-2 adrenergic agonist cap color

A

purple

18
Q

Miotic example

A

pilocarpine

19
Q

Miotic dosing and considerations

A

qid

lots of side effects

20
Q

miotic cap color

A

green

21
Q

miotic method of action

A

outflow through TM pathway

22
Q

Roc-inhibitor example

A

rhopress (netardusil)

23
Q

Roc-inhibitor mechanism of action

A

Lots

  • relaxes TM by inhibiting action cytoskeleton
  • decreases aqueous production
  • decreases episcleral venous pressure
24
Q

roc-inhibitor adverse effects

A

conjunctival hyperemia
corneal verticillata
pain, subconj heme

25
Q

decrease trabecular outflow resistance

A

latanoprostene bunod (NO) in Vyzulta

Netarsudil (Rock-inhibitor)

26
Q

open angle by mechanical tension

A

miotic

27
Q

aqueous suppression

A

beat blockers
CAIs
alpha receptor adrenergic agonists
Netardusil (Rock-inhibitor)

28
Q

increase uveoscleral outflow

A

prostaglandins
alpha-receptor adrenergic agonist
Lataoprostene bunod (Vyzulta)

Ocular disease (1 decks)

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