MIDTEM QUIZ "COMMON CLASS. OF THERAPEUTIC AGENTS"

Question 1

What is Demulcent

Answer 1

protective agents, and alleviate irritation from mucous membrane.

Question 2

Example of Demulcent

Answer 2

Benzoin, Glycerin, Gelatin and Pectin

Question 3

What is Emollient

Answer 3

bland, fatty/ oleaginous substances and renders the skin softer and pliable

Question 4

Example of Emollient

Answer 4

Castor oil, White petroleum, cold cream and white ointment

Question 5

What is Astringent

Answer 5

these are “protein precipitants”

Question 6

Example of Astringent

Answer 6

Alum, Aluminum Acetate, AlCl3, and eskinol

Question 7

What is Irritants

Answer 7

Induces inflammation in the skin.

Question 8

Example of Irritants

Answer 8

Ichthamol and Pine tar

Question 9

What is Rubefacients

Answer 9

Induce only hyporemia

Question 10

Example of Rubefacients

Answer 10

Camphor

Question 11

What is Vesicants

Answer 11

agents that induce BLISTERS (bulutong)

Question 12

It causes destruction of tissues at the site of application

Answer 12

Caustic or Corrosive

Question 13

Example of Caustic/ Corrosive

Answer 13

KOH or Podophyllum

Question 14

Escharotic is also called as

Answer 14

Cauterization

Question 15

Define Escharotic or Cauterization

Answer 15

precipitates proteins of the cell which reduces inflammation of the site forming a scab then scarring

Question 16

Escharotic is also use in?

Answer 16

Surgery to seal wounds

Question 17

Define Keratolytics or desquamating agents

Answer 17

irritants that destroy epithelial cells

Question 18

Example of Keratolytics or desquamating agents

Answer 18

Salicylic acid and sulfur

Question 19

These are on ingestion reacts with HCl of the gastric

contents to lower acidity

Answer 19

Gastric antacids

Question 20

Example of Gastric Antacids

Answer 20

Cremalin- Al(OH)3, Maalox- Al(OH)3 with Mg(OH)2

Question 21

Al(OH)3 and Mg(OH)2 are combined and they are for?

Answer 21

Al(OH)3 for constipasation -ala tae

Mg(OH)2 for diarrhea- mag tae

Question 22

These are enzymes that help digest the gastric intents and promotes the digestion in GIT

Answer 22

Digestants

Question 23

Example of Digestants

Answer 23

Dactilase (Pancreatin), Entozyme (Pancreatin), Festal, Enzyplex

Question 24

Define Cathartics

Answer 24

facilitate the passage of elimination of feces from the

colon and rectum. Divided into 4 groups:

Question 25

4 Groups of Cathartics

Answer 25

Hydrophilic laxatives- interfere with the normal fluid balance of the intestinal tract. Saline laxatives, Bulk laxatives, Osmotic laxatives. Ex. MgSO4, Na2SO4, Castor Oil Irritant laxatives- irritant action on the intestinal mucosa interfering with absorption of electrolytes Emollient Cathartics- lubricate the intestinal tract, soften fecal contents, facilitating the passage of feces (lubricant/ pampadulas) Fecal softeners- attributed to their surface acting property, lowers surface tension (soften the stool)

Question 26

Define Emetic

Answer 26

drug that INDUCES vomiting (Pampasuka)

Question 27

Define Anti-Emetic

Answer 27

drugs that STOP vomiting (pampatigil)

Question 28

Define ADsorbents

Answer 28

Chemically inert powders, adsorb gases, toxins and bacteria

Question 29

Example of ADsorbents

Answer 29

Dusting powders such as Mg stearate, Talc, Zn stearate

Question 30

Activated charcoal?

Answer 30

Is an example also of adsorbent that has a primary constituents of carbon

Question 31

Increase salivary and gastric secretion and to improve appetite

Answer 31

Bitters

Question 32

Relieve gaseous distention of the stomach and intestines

Answer 32

Carminatives

Question 33

Assist the removal of secretion or exudate from the trachea, bronchi or lungs. Useful in the treatment of cough.

Answer 33

Expectorants

Question 34

Sedative expectorant (under expectorants examples)

Answer 34

soothe acute inflammation by aiding the secretion of protective mucous

Question 35

Under Sedative expectorant define the two.

Answer 35

Saline expectorants- incr bronchial secretion and loosen the phlegm. Nauseant expectorant- expectorant in small doses and nauseant and emetic in large doses. Demulcent expectorant- mucilaginous or syrupy, coat and protect the mucous membranes of the URT

Question 36

act to stimulate and repair the chronic inflammatory processes of the mucous membrane.

Answer 36

Stimulant Expectorants (under expectorants examples)

Question 37

act selectively on the medullary centers to suppress the cough reflex.

Answer 37

Antitussive Agents (under expectorants examples)

Question 38

Example of Antitussive Agents

Answer 38

Benadryl Expectorant, Bisolvon, Allerin, Atussin, Cirex

Question 39

Define Diuretics

Answer 39

increase the volume of urine excreted by the | kidneys.

Question 40

Example of Diuretics

Answer 40

Aldactone (use by transgenders), Diamox tab (for edema), Edecrin (Ethacrynic acid)

Question 41

Common expectorants

Answer 41

Iodide

Question 42

Drugs that produce anesthesia, a condition of | inability to produce anesthesia

Answer 42

Anesthetics

Question 43

What are the 2 classifications of Anesthetics

Answer 43

Local anesthesia- patient is conscious. Ex. Lidocaine (also use for circumsation) General anesthesia- patient is unconscious. (can be inhale) Ex. Alcohol, Carbocaine, Penthotal sodium

Question 44

Define Hypnotic

Answer 44

production of sleep, is synonymous to somnifacient and soporific. compose of barbiturates that induce sleep 9MAKE YOU SLEEP)

Question 45

Define Hypnotic

Answer 45

production of sleep, is synonymous to somnifacient and soporific. compose of barbiturates that induce sleep (MAKE YOU SLEEP)

Question 46

Define Sedative

Answer 46

quieting effect accompanied by relaxation and rest but | not necessarily sleep

Question 47

Define Sedative

Answer 47

quieting effect accompanied by relaxation and rest but not necessarily sleep (aantukin pero di matutulog)

Question 48

Relive pain by acting centrally to alleviate pain thresholds without disturbing consciousness or altering other sensory modalities.

Answer 48

Analgesic

Question 49

Example of Analgesics

Answer 49

Biogesic, Tylenol, Tempra, APC Tab, Aspirin Tab

Question 50

Antipyretics

Answer 50

reduce elevated body temperature (for fever)

Question 51

kill microbes upon contact

Answer 51

Disinfectants

Question 52

substance that kills germs

Answer 52

Germicide

Question 53

prevent sepsis, usually applied to inanimate objects. May kill or prevent multiplication of organisms

Answer 53

Anti septic

Question 54

prevents the multiplication of organisms. | Usually employed as preservatives in pharma preps or put in drug formulations

Answer 54

Bacteriostatic agents

Question 55

Bacteriostatic agents example

Answer 55

Benzalkonium chloride

Question 56

anything that kills bacteria

Answer 56

Bactericide

Question 57

an agent that expels intestinal worms

Answer 57

Anthelmintic

Question 58

inc peristaltic activity in the intestinal tract | by mechanical distention and stimulation

Answer 58

Enemas (ex: labatiba)

Question 59

inc sweating or perspiration or use to sweat

Answer 59

Diaphoretics

Question 60

anything that kills fungicide

Answer 60

Fungicides