Mideterm Vocab PT2

Question 1

Imprimatura

Answer 1

“ Before the first” – a tinting layer (generally part of the ground) which is applied to the surface of the support prior to underpainting or overpainting.

Question 2

Tempera

Answer 2

A method of painting with pigments dispersed in an emulsion miscible with water

Question 3

Egg Tempera

Answer 3

Painting medium in which egg yolk is used as a binder, and water is used as a solvent. Egg tempera, due to the yolk’s emulsifying properties, can also be mixed with oil.

Question 4

Watercolor

Answer 4

A water-soluble paint in which gum Arabic is used as a binder

Question 5

Solvent

Answer 5

A (usually) liquid substance which is able to solve (dissolve) another substance, either for cleaning, thinning, mixing, or some particular step in an art technique

Question 6

Size

Answer 6

a sealant layer, applied to a painting support, used to minimize or prevent the absorption of paint into the painting surface. Traditional sizes are derived from animal hides such as rabbit skin.

Question 7

Gesso

Answer 7

a type of primer for paint; water-based and mixed with pigment, traditionally with hide glue size as the binder. Modern store-bought formulas utilize acrylic as the binder.

Question 8

Primer

Answer 8

Surface preparation for paint

Question 9

Plein Air

Answer 9

painting outdoors

Question 10

Impasto

Answer 10

the thick application of a pigment to a canvas or panel in painting; also : the body of pigment so applied

Question 11

Palette Knife

Answer 11

A painters tool used to mix paint as well as apply to the surface of the painting

Question 12

Pigment

Answer 12

substance in paint that imparts color

Question 13

Palette

Answer 13

surface upon which paint is arranged and mixed for painting application

Question 14

Chiaroscuro

Answer 14

The arrangement or treatment of light and dark parts in a pictorial work of art

Question 15

Oil paint

Answer 15

Paint in which a drying oil is the vehicle or medium

Question 16

Sgraffitto

Answer 16

Decoration by cutting away parts of a surface layer (as of plaster or clay) to expose a different colored ground

Question 17

Gouache

Answer 17

A method of painting with opaque watercolors

Question 18

Acrylic Paint

Answer 18

A fast-drying, water soluble paint containing pigment suspension in acrylic polymer emulsion

Question 19

Alla Prima

Answer 19

A method of oil painting in which the picture is completed with the first application of paints to the entire area, instead of being built up by layering. Italian for “the first time.”

Question 20

Casein

Answer 20

A paint much like opaque watercolor in which casein — a milk glue — is its binder. Casein is a white, tasteless, odorless protein precipitated from milk by rennin. Casein is the basis of cheese, and is used to make plastics, adhesives, and foods, as well as paint.

Question 21

Binder

Answer 21

The film-forming part of a paint, which also gives fluidity and cohesion to pigments. Binders dry paint through a process of either evaporation or polymerization.

Question 22

Medium

Answer 22

An additive to paint, which is used to change particular characteristics of paint- Drying time, texture, volume, sheen etc. Can be mixes of binder and solvent and other additives.

Question 23

Support

Answer 23

The material providing a surface upon which an artist applies color, collage, etc.

Question 24

Underpainting

Answer 24

The layer or layers of color on a painting surface applied before the overpainting, or final coat.

Question 25

Open Grissaille

Answer 25

A tonal underpainting in which the colors are applied transparently

Question 26

Closed Grissaille

Answer 26

A tonal underpainting in which the colors are applied opaquely

Question 27

Scumble

Answer 27

A transparent lightening layer, generally applied to a dried paint layer, which lightens and tints.

Question 28

Glaze

Answer 28

A transparent darkening layer, generally applied to a dried paint layer, which darkens and tints

Question 29

Sfumato

Answer 29

Smoke layer, used to enhance atmospheric perspective