Mideterm Vocab PT2 Flashcards
Imprimatura
“ Before the first” – a tinting layer (generally part of the ground) which is applied to the surface of the support prior to underpainting or overpainting.
Tempera
A method of painting with pigments dispersed in an emulsion miscible with water
Egg Tempera
Painting medium in which egg yolk is used as a binder, and water is used as a solvent. Egg tempera, due to the yolk’s emulsifying properties, can also be mixed with oil.
Watercolor
A water-soluble paint in which gum Arabic is used as a binder
Solvent
A (usually) liquid substance which is able to solve (dissolve) another substance, either for cleaning, thinning, mixing, or some particular step in an art technique
Size
a sealant layer, applied to a painting support, used to minimize or prevent the absorption of paint into the painting surface. Traditional sizes are derived from animal hides such as rabbit skin.
Gesso
a type of primer for paint; water-based and mixed with pigment, traditionally with hide glue size as the binder. Modern store-bought formulas utilize acrylic as the binder.
Primer
Surface preparation for paint
Plein Air
painting outdoors
Impasto
the thick application of a pigment to a canvas or panel in painting; also : the body of pigment so applied
Palette Knife
A painters tool used to mix paint as well as apply to the surface of the painting
Pigment
substance in paint that imparts color
Palette
surface upon which paint is arranged and mixed for painting application
Chiaroscuro
The arrangement or treatment of light and dark parts in a pictorial work of art
Oil paint
Paint in which a drying oil is the vehicle or medium
Sgraffitto
Decoration by cutting away parts of a surface layer (as of plaster or clay) to expose a different colored ground
Gouache
A method of painting with opaque watercolors
Acrylic Paint
A fast-drying, water soluble paint containing pigment suspension in acrylic polymer emulsion
Alla Prima
A method of oil painting in which the picture is completed with the first application of paints to the entire area, instead of being built up by layering. Italian for “the first time.”
Casein
A paint much like opaque watercolor in which casein — a milk glue — is its binder. Casein is a white, tasteless, odorless protein precipitated from milk by rennin. Casein is the basis of cheese, and is used to make plastics, adhesives, and foods, as well as paint.
Binder
The film-forming part of a paint, which also gives fluidity and cohesion to pigments. Binders dry paint through a process of either evaporation or polymerization.
Medium
An additive to paint, which is used to change particular characteristics of paint- Drying time, texture, volume, sheen etc. Can be mixes of binder and solvent and other additives.
Support
The material providing a surface upon which an artist applies color, collage, etc.
Underpainting
The layer or layers of color on a painting surface applied before the overpainting, or final coat.
Open Grissaille
A tonal underpainting in which the colors are applied transparently
Closed Grissaille
A tonal underpainting in which the colors are applied opaquely
Scumble
A transparent lightening layer, generally applied to a dried paint layer, which lightens and tints.
Glaze
A transparent darkening layer, generally applied to a dried paint layer, which darkens and tints
Sfumato
Smoke layer, used to enhance atmospheric perspective
