Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Honors Earth, Space, Env Science > Mideterm test > Flashcards

Mideterm test Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does Hydrosphere consist of?

A

Hydrosphere - The water in Earth’s system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does Biosphere consist of?

A

The regions of the Earth occupied by living organisms. Living things.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does Cryosphere consist of?

A

The frozen water portion of Earth’s system. Ice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does Atmosphere consist of?

A

The envelope of gases surrounding the Earth. Vapor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does Geosphere consist of?

A

Ground, soil.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the geologic time in order from shortest to longest.

A
  1. Eon
  2. Era
  3. Period
  4. Epoch
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is relative dating?

A

The general order of events. Relative dating determines the order of events and the relative age of rocks looking at the position of rocks in the layers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is absolute dating

A

The exact age of rock samples. Determines the exact age of rock samples using radioactive materials.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Check over this one. What three things are required for a fossil to be considered an Index Fossil?

A

Abundant, existed for a short period of time, and was widespread

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Three pieces of evidence that Wegener gave to support his theory.

A
  1. Same fossil fuels were found across different continents
  2. Mountain ranges that continue across oceans
  3. Glacial striations (scrape marks) that continue across oceans
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is subduction

A

When two plates meet and one slides underneath the other.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Two diverging oceanic plates leads to…? How does it look like?

A

Mid-ocean ridges, seafloor spreading creating new ocean floor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Two converging continental plates leads to…? How does it look like?

A

Non-volcanic mountain ranges. Plates move opposite ways from each other.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Two converging oceanic plates leads to…? How does it look like?

A

Denser oceanic plates slides underneath the other. Subduction plates melts and becomes volcanic islands with dee ocean trenches.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Two diverging continental plates leads to…? How does it look like?

A

Rift valleys, over time new oceans.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Transform boundary leads to…? How does it look like?

A

Faults, earthquaks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Convergent oceanic and continental plates leads to…? How does it look like?

A

Volcanoes on land and deep ocean trenches.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Hot spots are…?

A

Thin spot in Oceanic crust, where a mantle plume can force its way through. An area in the mantle that is super heated and melts through the crust.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where is crust created? Where is crust destroyed?

A

Curst is created at subduction zones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is density?

A

Density is the substance’s mass per unit of volume. How much stuff there is in a space.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are clouds made of?

A

Liquide H2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is condensation?

A

Gas to liquid (or solid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is evaporation

A

Liquid to gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is precipitation

A

Liquid (or solid) water falling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is an isotopes

A

Atoms with the same number of protons, but different number of neutrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is older oceanic crust or continental crust?

A

Continental

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is older oceanic crust or continental crust?

A

Continental

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is our ocean made of?

A

Our “ocean” is made up of mostly N2 and O2 instead of H2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the Average atmospheric pressure on Earth

A

14.7 PSI (pounds/square inch)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is denser cold or warm air? Why?

A

Cold air. Because cold things contract (get smaller) warm things expand. Cold air masses exert higher pressure than warm air masses. Molecules are more tightly packed.

31
Q

What has more pressure, moving air or still air?

A

Still air

32
Q

When the air is humid, what is some of the space normally taken up by?

A

H2O (water vapor)

32
Q

When the air is humid, what is some of the space normally taken up by?

A

H2O (water vapor)

33
Q

What has less mass, humid air or less humid air?

A

Humid air

34
Q

What could hold up more water, warm or cold air? Why?

A

Warm air. Warm air expands, making room for additional water vapor

35
Q

What is Relative Humidity?

A

How much water vapor is in the air compared to how much the air could hold

36
Q

What is dew Point

A

When an air mass is at 100% relative humidity

37
Q

What is Diffusion?

A
38
Q

Which is denser, humid or dry air?

A

Humid air

39
Q

What is an air masses? What are they names based on?

A

An Air Mass is a body (parcel) of air that shares similar characteristics. Named based on their temperature and humidity levels.

40
Q

What is Continental?

A

Dry, found mainly over land

41
Q

Maritime

A

Humid, found mainly over oceans

42
Q

Tropical

A

Warm, found near the equator

43
Q

Polar

A

Cold, found near the poles

44
Q

What are fronts?

A

Fronts are where weather events often happen.

45
Q

What are Warm front?

A

Warm air mass moving towards cool air mass.
Light, but lengthy precipitation events
Warm air is slowly forced upwards

46
Q

What are Cold front

A

Cold air mass moving towards warm air mass.
Forces the warm air up quickly
Leads to short, but intense precipitation events (more dramatic)

47
Q

Global Wind Patterns Are Driven by?

A

Convection Currents
Pressure Differences
The Coriolis Effect

48
Q

What is the Coriolis Effect

A

The Earth rotates counterclockwise
Air masses moving towards the equator are deflected West
Air masses moving away from the equator are deflected East

49
Q

What is the Jetstream?

A

Semi-consistent movement of air
West to East (here in the US)
A polar vortex happens when the jetstream dips below its normal path
Cold weather is much more common above the jet stream and warm weather is found below

50
Q

What are Incoming radiation from the sun? Three things.

A

Short waves.
UV rays
Visible Light.

51
Q

What are Outgoing radiation from Earth? Three things.

A

“Longwave”
infrared radiation (IR)
heat

52
Q

Three examples of fossil fuels?

A

Coal, petroleum, natural gas.

53
Q

Three examples of fossil fuels?

A

Coal, petroleum, natural gas.

54
Q

How is coal made. Three things

A

Dead plant matter decays into peat. Over a long time, because of heat and pressure coal is formed

55
Q

What is peat?

A

soil that is very high in decaying organic matter, normally found in acidic, wet environments

56
Q

How are petroleum & natural gas formed?

A

Made from large quantities of dead oceanic organisms (Zooplankton & algae) are subjected to million years of heat and pressure

57
Q

Four layers of the earth?
Red:
Dark Orange:
Orange:
Yellow:

A

Curst
Mantle
Outer core
Inner core

58
Q

what could a Condensation Nuclei be?

A

dust, pollen

59
Q

What happens at a cold front?

A

a front that forms when cold air moves under warm air which is less dense and pushes air up (produces thunderstorms, heavy rain or snow

60
Q

Principle of cross-cutting relationships means….?

A

States that such features are younger than all of the layers they cut through - helps to determine relative age.

61
Q

What is the mantle made of?

A

Magma

62
Q

What does the Principle of Original Horizontality state?

A

The sediment is deposited horizontally or in flat rows and over time the sediment is compacted to form sedimentary rock

63
Q

Weather is what?

A

Atmospheric conditions over a short period of time.

64
Q

What is air mass?

A

A large body of air that has similar temperature, humidity and air pressure

65
Q

Is air pressure more dense higher in the atmosphere?

A

No

66
Q

The law of superposition says…?

A

The oldest fossils are found near the bottom of the rock layers.

67
Q

Law of continuity

A

Areas with identical rock layers and fossils were once joined together.

68
Q

What is wind?

A

The movement of air caused by air pressure

69
Q

As altitude increases air pressure….increase /decrease?

A

Decrease

70
Q

Law of continuity

A

The geologic principle that states that in horizontal layers of sedimentary rock, each layer is older than the layer above it and younger than the layer below it.

71
Q

What are warm fornt?

A

A front where warm air moves over cold air and brings drizzly rain and then are followed by warm and clear weather

72
Q

Climate is?

A

The pattern of atmospheric conditions over a longer period of time

Honors Earth, Space, Env Science (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions