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Rad Positioning > Middy > Flashcards

Middy Flashcards

1
Q

Landmark for C1/Dens?

A

Mastoid Tip

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2
Q

The inferior angle of the scapula is at what vertebral level?

A

T6-T7

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3
Q

T or F

The PSIS is at the S4 level

A

False

S2

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4
Q

The midway sternal angle and xiphoid process is at what vertebral level?

A

T7

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5
Q

Where is the central ray aimed for an AP Pelvic?

A

Horizontally: At the ASIS @ 1.5 inches below the top of the iliac crest
Vertically: Midline of the body

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6
Q

Film size for AP Pelvic

A

17 x 14”

Horizontal/Landscape/X-wise

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7
Q

What should the collimation be for AP pelvic?

A

Show 1/4” unexposed borders

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8
Q

T or F

The feet should be externally rotated 15 degrees for AP pelvic

A

False

Internally

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9
Q

What does the AP lumbar (APL) demonstrate

A

T12-S1

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10
Q

Where do you aim the central ray for an AP lumbar?

A

1.5” above the level of the iliac crest from front to back

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11
Q

What does the AP Lumbosacral (APLS) demonstrate?

A

L2-Coccyx (to include SI joints)

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12
Q

What does the AP Lumbopelvic (APLP) demonstrate?

A

T12-Ischeal Tuberosities
Iliac Crests
Femoral head and necks

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13
Q

Where do you want the central ray for a Lateral Lumbosacral?

A

Top of the iliac crest

Vertically - between ASIS and PSIS

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14
Q

T or F

The breathing instructions for the Lateral Lumbosacral is to suspend expiration

A

True

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15
Q

T or F

You shoot into the convexity of the scoliosis on a lateral lumbosacral

A

False

Shoot into the cave

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16
Q

Central ray for AP Thoracic Spine (Dorsal) APD

A

Inferior border of scapula
CR to the centre of the film
Vertical - midline of body

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17
Q

What is the tube tilt for an AP Thoracic Spine

A

none!

sucka

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18
Q

What is the collimation for an APD?

A

To the spine laterally, show unexposed borders top and bottom

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19
Q

T or F

The breathing instructions for an AP Thoracic are to suspend expiration

A

FALSE

Suspend Inspiration

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20
Q

What does the AP Thoracic demonstrate?

A

Thoracic spine T1-T12
Ribs
Lung Fields
Sternum

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21
Q

CR for Lateral Thoracic (Dorsal) LD

A

Inferior border scapula

Vertical central ray, posterior to humeral head

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22
Q

Breathing instructions for the lateral thoracic?

A

Full inspiration

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23
Q

T or F

With a scoliosis and a lateral thoracic the concavity should be against the bucky

A

False

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24
Q

What are the aka’s for the Lateral Cervicothoracic view?

A

Swimmer’s

Twinning or Pawlow View

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25
Q

T or F

There is no tube tilt for the lateral cervicothoracic

A

False

Caudal 5 degrees

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26
Q

Patient position for the Swimmer’s view?

A

Patient’s coronal plane is rotated 10-20 degrees off of perpendicular to the bucky with the arm next to bucky flexed and the arm next to the tub extended

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27
Q

What is the film size for the Lateral cervical spine?

A

10” x 12 “

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28
Q

T or F

Lateral Cervical SID = 40”

A

False

72”

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29
Q

The central ray for a lateral cervical spine should be aimed at what level?

A

C4

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30
Q

What are the breathing instructions for the lateral cervical view?

A

Suspend after full exhalation

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31
Q

Describe what the collimation should be for the APOM

A

Collimation opening should be for acanthion to the mental point (mid chin) and the mastoid tips bilaterally

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32
Q

What is the SID for the APLC

A

SID = 40” or adjusted for Central Ray Angle

**move tube in 1” for every 5 degrees of central ray angle to maintain 40” SID

33
Q

What is the tube tilt for the APLC

A

15 degrees cephalad

34
Q

CR for the APLC?

A

Central ray should be entered at the level of C4 (top of Thyroid Cartilage) / above the adams apple.

35
Q

When using body positioning markers what side do you mark?

A

Side against the bucky

36
Q

T or F

The marker is placed in front of the spine for the anterior oblique projections

A

False

Behind

37
Q

T or F

Oblique images should always be taken in a cervical spine series

A

False

Should be taken only when clinically significant.

38
Q

Where is the marker placed for a posterior oblique projection?

A

In front of the spine

39
Q

Where is the CR aimed for a lumbar oblique?

A

1” lateral to L3 spinous process on side closest to the tube.

40
Q

Using the technique compensation rule when going from a large field to a significantly smaller field what must you do to the mAs?

A

Increase the mAs at least 50%

41
Q

When doing a sacral oblique the patient is standing at approximately what degree angle?

A

30

42
Q

What is step one for quality control for X-Ray Generating Equipment?

A

Acceptance Testing of new equipment

- should be done by a medical physicist prior to the machine being used.

43
Q

Step 2 for QC?

A

Routine Performance Evaluation

- annual evaluation and routine maintenance based on manufacturer’s recommendations

44
Q

Step 3 for QC?

A

Correction protocol should begin whenever any problems are detected with equipment

45
Q

what are the 7 tests for quality control of equipment?

A
  • Filtration
  • Collimation
  • Focal Spot size
  • kVp calibration
  • exposure timer accuracy
  • exposure linearity
  • exposure reproducibility
46
Q

What part of the machine provides electrical power for the tube, and other parts of the machine?

A

Generator

47
Q

What type of generator do we typically see in offices today?

A

High Frequency

48
Q

T or F

For the annual generator and x-ray production test the kVp delivered during exposure must be within +/- 10% of the selected kVp

A

False

5%

49
Q

What must the accuracy be for the exposure timer test?

A

Must be within +/- 5% for times greater than 10 milliseconds

* below 10 milliseconds +/- 20% is acceptable

50
Q

What is the Exposure linearity test measuring?

A

The X-Ray units ability to produce a constant radiation output for the same mAs using different combinations of mA and time.

51
Q

A dosimeter is used to measure radiation intensity which should be within +/- ?

A

10%

52
Q

What is exposure reproducibility?

A

The same combination of kVp, mA and exposure time should produce the same density and contrast every time.
**test = make at least 3 exposures using the same technical factors, changing the factors between exposure

53
Q

The 10 day rule for females of child bearing age refers to performing non-emergency abdominal pelvic X-Rays during…

A

the 10 days after the onset of menstruation

54
Q

The feet must be internally rotated 15 degrees on the AP lumbo-pelvic projection to achieve?

A

True AP projection of the proximal femur

55
Q

When choosing technical factors for radiographic projection it is important to consider this to avoid blur due to motion…

A

Choose high mA, short exposure time

56
Q

The central ray for the lateral lumbosacral view is located horizontally and vertically from the ____ and ____

A

ASIS and ASIS

57
Q

What is the correct order from the least radiopaque to the most?

A 
air 
fat
water
bone
metal
58
Q

Xray photon production occurs at ____

A

anode

59
Q

The lead protective housing controls leakage and scatter radiation through _____

A

absorption

60
Q

According to the anode heel effect, the radiation intensity is _____

A

Greater on the cathode side

61
Q

A Davis series refers to a series of what type of radiographs?

A

Cervical

62
Q

T or F

The spinning top test is used to evaluate timer accuracy

A

True

63
Q

T or F

The rectifier is located on a typical x-ray unit control panel

A

False

mA metre
kVp selector
Time selector

64
Q

What is the minimum total amount of filtration (inherent plus added) required in the normal diagnostic x-ray machine?

A

2.5mm A1 equivalent

65
Q

The most effective radiation protection device in the chiropractic x-ray area is?

A

Gonadal Shield

66
Q

Proper measurement is necessary to set up what?

A

proper mAs

67
Q

What is the purpose of the radiographic grid?

A

increase contrast on the film

68
Q

What are the best ways to reduce the radiation dose to the patient?

A

Fast film/screen combination

Collimation as close to possible

69
Q

Why are proper breathing instructions important on the thoracic and lumbar projections?

A

It allows proper density above and below the diaphragm

70
Q

T or F

Gonadal shielding should be used on the male patient only for pelvis projections

A

False

Pelvis
Abdominal
Femur

71
Q

T or F

As the distance from the radiation source increases, the radiation also increases

A

False

Radiation will decrease

72
Q

What is the purpose of the swimmer’s view?

A

To view lower cervicothoracic junction

73
Q

What can cause poor screen-film contact cause?

A

Damage cassette frame
Foreign body in cassette
Warped Cassettee front

74
Q

The maximum energy any photon in any X-Ray beam is equal to…

A

the kV set on the console

75
Q 
The lateral lumbosacral view should visualize all of the following except:
T12
pubic symphysis
sacrum
aorta 
IVF
A

Pubic Symphysis

76
Q

The IVF’s in the lumbar spine are visualized through what projection?

A

Lateral lumbar

77
Q

Where is the intensifying screen located?

A

Cassette

78
Q

What is the function of the filter?

A

To remove softer X-Rays

Rad Positioning (1 decks)

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