Middle School Science

Question 1

This structure is divided into Brodmann areas, and develops from the telencephalon. The corpus callosum connects the two hemispheres of this structure, which is divided into temporal, parietal, occipital, and frontal lobes. For 10 points, name this largest area of the brain, which controls voluntary thoughts and actions.

Answer 1

Cerebrum

Question 2

An ideal blackbody is an object that absorbs all energy transferred by this process. This is the process in which energy is transferred from the Sun to the Earth, because it is the only form of heat exchange that can pass through a vacuum. It takes its name from the fact that it emits energy in all directions. For 10 points, name this type of heat exchange that differs from convection and conduction.

Answer 2

Thermal Radiation

Question 3

For any odd number greater than one, there exists one of these types of sets where that number is the smallest of the three elements. By definition, all numbers in these kinds of sets are integers. Common example of this type of set are (8, 15, 17); (5, 12, 13); and (3, 4, 5). For 10 points, name these sets of three integers a, b, and c which satisfy the equation a squared plus b squared equals c squared.

Answer 3

Pythagorean Triples

Question 4

PerkinElmer was criticized for its poor work building a part of this object, which will be replaced in 2018 by one named for James Webb. Spherical aberration caused by its flawed mirror required the crew of STS-61 to install a corrective optics system in 1993, greatly refining its images. The American astronomer who predicted the expansion of the universe is the namesake of, for 10 points, what telescope in low Earth orbit?

Answer 4

Hubble Space Telescope

Question 5

This type of interaction is responsible for the high crystallinity of nylon, and it explains why hydrofluoric acid has a higher boiling point than hydrochloric acid. These interactions occur between base pairs in DNA. Ice has lower density than water due to the behavior of, for 10 points, what type of bonding, a strong dipole-dipole interaction named for element 1 on the Periodic Table?

Answer 5

Hydrogen Bonds

Question 6

One type of these structures forms between two dipoles and causes water’s high melting point. Another type of these structures cannot twist, due to p-orbital overlap; that type exists in sp2 hybridized molecules as a “double” type. These structures can also be classified as covalent or ionic. For ten points, name these attractive structures that hold atoms together within molecules.

Answer 6

Chemical Bonds

Question 7

This property’s constant, Ksp [K-S-P], is the product of the concentrations of ions, though the common ion effect tends to decrease this property for precipitates. This property typically increases as temperature increases for solids in liquids, and while silver chloride doesn’t have this property in water, a system of rules explain why most other chlorides do. For 10 points, name this property, the ability of one compound to dissolve in another.

Answer 7

Solubility