Middle east vocab Flashcards
Prophet
A person who is believed to be chosen. A person believed to be a messenger of a higher being
Ethics
Morals rules of a good human being
Messiah
a savior. usually religious savior
crusdes
a series of religious campaigns by European Christians in the medical period to capture of defend holy lands ( Jerusalem)
Anti Semitism
Prejudice discrimination or hostility directed at Jewish people based on their religion or ethnicity
Zionism
is a political and ideological movement that advocates for the establishment of a Jewish homeland often associated with the land of Israel
Fertile Cresent
an area in the Middle East known for its fertile soil and its role as the developer of agriculture and early civilizations
mandates
territories adminstrated by colonial powers after World War 1 under a League of nations mandate system
Palestine liberation organization
A political organization established in 1964 with the goal of representing Palestine people and advocating their rights and self determination
Palestine authority
A semi autonomus governing body established as a result of accords in the 1990s with limited self-governing over parts of the West Bank and Gaza strip
Hamas
a Palestine military and political organization founded in 1987 with both charitable and military wings that seek to establish an Islamic state in Palestine
Balfour declaration
a 1917 statement by the British government expressing support for the establishment of an Islamic homeland in Palestine
The Arab Revolt of 1936-1939
a series of protest strikes and uprisings by Palestine Arabs against British and zionist authorities
Un resolutions 181
The United Nations General Assembly resolution passed in 1947 called for the partition of Palestine into Jewish and arab states
Nakah
a term used by Palestinians to refer to the displacement and dispossession of arab residents during and after the 1948 arab Israeli war
War of Independence
the 1948 conflict following the declaration of the state of Israel between neighboring arab states
six day war
a brief but significant war in 1967 during which Israel captured territories including the West Bank Gaza Strip and East Jerusalem
First infortada
A pale stine uprising that began in 1987 was marked by widespread protests strikes and civil disobedience
Olso accords
A series of agreements were signed in the 1990s between Israel. and the Palestine Liberation Organization aimed at achieving peace and self-governance for Palestine
second infortada
a violent Palestine uprising began in 2000 and involved a wave of suicide bombings shootings and clashes
whwn was hamas formed
1987
what Israel Jordan and Syria get their water
aquifers
what do most people speak in gaza and West Bank
Arabic
what do most people in israel speak
hebrew
how long is the gaza strip
25 miles
what is the most important resource for the middle east
water
what is the dome of the rock
Temple
why is it important to Arabs and Israelis
what year did Israel declare independence?
1948
who is the prime mister of Israel
Benjamin Netanyahu
what is the western wall
is the most religious site in the world for the Jewish people. Located in the Old City of Jerusalem, it is the last remaining outer wall of the ancient Jewish temple and an incredibly important site of modern Israeli history.
what land did Israel gain from the six-day war?
the west bank of the Jordan River East Jerusalem Gaza Strip Snia Plenslav and Golan Heights
what was the result of arab Israeli War of 11948
Israel gained more land arab states took control of the West Bank
un plan of 1947
palestine was supposed to split into 2 states one Jewish and one arab but they rejected the offer
what are the mandates and what area did Britain and France control?
mandates were territories placed under European control with the promise of independence
France: Syria Lebanon
Israel Jordan Palestine: Britain
why is Jerusalem a holy city for Muslims
because it is where Muhammad descended to heaven
