Middle East pt 2 Flashcards
what country makes up most of the holy land?
Israel
What 2 groups are involved?
Arab/Palestinians and Israelis
What is the central issue?
Control over the holy land
Jews controlled the region from when?
1300 BCE until 63 BCE
What was the land called until the Romans conquered Jerusalem?
The promised land
the scattering of Jews all over the world?
The diaspora
When did the diaspora happen?
70CE
British and French turn to Arabs to help against ottoman turks
McMahon-Hussein Agreement
McMahon-Hussein Agreement deal
Take land and give it to Arab rulers
British turn to Jews/Zionists for money
Balfour declaration
Balfour declaration deal
The Zionist movement supports the British with money and Jews get a homeland
Who wins WW1
Britain
What did Britain do with the land they won?
Divides it between France
made colonies of Britain and France
The mandate system
When did Jews and Zionists start streaming back to Palestine?
1920’s
Why did Britain have to constantly intervene?
To keep the peace
Why does the world sympathize for the Jews after WW2?
The holocaust
Who did the British pass their problems to?
The united Nations
The united nations deal
Separate Arab and Jewish states and Jerusalem would be under United Nations control
Who was in the group of Arabs in the catastrophe or war of independence?
Jordan, Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia
J.AS.S.I.L.E
Where did J.AS.S.I.L.E attack?
They invaded Palestine and attacked Israel
Who won the Catastrophe/War of Independence?
Israel
What 2 options did Israel give Palestinians after they won independence?
- Stay under israeli rule or LEAVE
Do Palestinians leave or stay under israeli rule
Palestinians leave because of persecution
Where did the majority of Arabs go?
The Gaza Strip and West Bank
What does PLO stand for
Palestein Liberation Organization
Who is the leader of the PLO
Yasser Arafat
PLOs Mission
destroy Israel and establish a Palestinian country
How does the PLO plan to achieve its goal?
terrorist tactics
Who and why do Israelis attack for the start of the six-day war/the setback
a preemptive attack against Syria, Jordan, and Egypt
Who wins the six-day war
Israel
What did Israel win in the 6 day war
Sinai Penninsula, West bank, Gaza Strip, and Golan Heights
What happened to the Arabs after the 6 day war
they were not allowed to leave and started what was called the occupation
Why is the occupation ironic?
This was similar to what happened during the holocaust
the yom kippur war starts israel seeks help from who?
The united states
Why does the US help Israel?
The holocaust, US population of jews, they trained Us CIA, they test out military tech, back the underdog,
US consequence from Arabs after helping Israel
Oil Embargo for 6 months
What was the first major peace treaty between Arabs and Israelis?
Camp david Accords
What was decided in the camp David accords?
Egypt - recognizes Israels right to exist
Israel - returns Sinai Penninsula to Egypt
Who were involved in the Camp david accords
Sadat - President Egypt Begin - Prime MInister Egypt
When was the 1st intifada
1987-1993
why was president Sadat assassinated
Egypt extremists viewed Sadat as a traitor for making an agreement with Israel
Uprising or shaking off
intifada
where were the riots
The occupation territtorys
What did teenagers do
strikes, boycotts, thow rocks, gas bombs at military soilders
Why are the teenager’s acts important
it makes Israelis look bad when they are fighting kids
Israelis’ response to the intifada
tear gas, rubber bullets, home demolitian
What happened to Israel after their response to the intifada
they were condemned for violating Palestinians rights
What was the 2nd major peace treaty
the oslo accords
who did the oslo accords involve?
Rabin - Israel’s Prime minister and Yasser Arafat - leader of PLO
What was the decision of the Oslo accords
Israel would move out of parts of the west bank and gaza and Palestinians would give up violence against israel
What does Yitzhak Rabin believe in?
Land for peace
What happened to Yitzhak Rabin?
Was assassinated by an extremist orthodox jew after giving a peace speech
Who is the Prime minister of Israel after Rabin?
Benjamin Netanyahu
What does Netanyahu believe in?
Peace through strength
Who took over after Yasser Arafat?
Mahmoud Abbas
Israel took over what major resource in the Palestinian land?
Water
People who die for a cause
Martrys
The Palestinean extremist group trying to eliminate Israel
Hamas (Islamic resistance group)
an Islamic extremist organization headquartered in Lebanon
Hezbollah
Israel encouraged what settlements in areas taken from the Palestinians?
Jewish
Israeli settlers intentionally move where?
West Bank and E. jerusalem
what solution have mnay countries including the U.S supported?
2 state solution
What do Israelis view their capital as?
The entirety of Jerusalem
What do Palestinians view their capital as?
E. Jerusalem
What is the security barrier
Israeli built. For protection during the 2nd intifada and to keep them safe against terrorists
Why do Israelis want to restrict Palestinian movement
to prevent terrorist activities
Palestinians see the restriction against them as…
keeping them poor. restricting opportunities they could have
what threatens Israels security
groups like Hamas and hezbollah
What do Palestinians demand from Israelis
their refugees be given the right to reclaim their ancestors property.
ability, right, and power to govern yourself
self-determination
Palestinians living conditions in w. bank and gaza
run-down, not modern,
Palestinian propaganda?
pictures of martyrs
a non renewable resource driven from petroleum
oil
Opec
Organization of the petroleum exporting countries
someone who seeks fear from others to have something changed
terrorism
