Middle East History test Flashcards
One of the main things Hammurabi’s code did was
a. treat all citizen equally
b. establish a social class system
c. invoke the principles of mercy and compassion
d. establish a uniform set of laws throughout the empire
d. establish a uniform set laws throughout the empire
Mesopotamia is part of a larger region historian call
a. Sumer
b. The Indus Valley
c. The Fertile Crescent
d. Gates of Heaven
c. The Fertile Crescent
What similarity does a city-state and an empire share?
a. they are independent political units
b. both controls one city and its surrounding land
c. each system is an example of an institution
d. They both control many people, nations and states
a. They are independent political units
“If a seignior has knocked out the tooth of a seignior of his own rank, they shall knock out his tooth. But if he has knocked out a commoner’s tooth, he shall pay one-third mina of silver”
Which ancient Babylonian belief does this portion of the Code of Hammurabi reflect?
a. all men are equal under the law
b. difference exist in the social classes
c. fines are preferable to physical punishment
d. violence must always be punished with violence
b. differences exist in the social classes
Which religion is correctly paired with its sacred text?
a. Islam-Koran
b. Judaism- Vedas
c. Hinduism- Bible
d. Christianity-Torah
a. Islam-Koran
What is the Islam sacred text?
Koran
What is the Judaism sacred text?
Torah
What is the Christian’s sacred text?
Bible
The religions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam share a common belief in …
a. Nirvana
b. Meditation
c. Monotheism
d. The caste system
c. Monotheism
What is monotheism?
The belief in one god
The Ten Commandments and the Five Pillars of Faith are similar in that both
a. establish a classless society
b. a guidelines for moral conduct
c. promise a happy and easy life
d. consist of prayers to achieve salvations
b. a guidelines for moral conduct
The Talmud and Torah are most closely associated with
a. Judaism
b. Islam
c. Buddhism
d. Christianity
a. Judaism
Many achievements of the Islamic civilization reached European society by way of the
a. Crusades and Mediterranean trading
b. merchant guilds and industrial revolution
c. Middle Passage and the Columbian Exchange
d. conquest of the Germanic tribes and trade along the silk road
a. Crusades and Mediterranean trading
An important achievement of the Golden Age of Muslim culture was the
a. development of gunpowder
establishment of trade with South America
c. emergence of feudalism as a unifying force
d. preservations of ancient Greek and Roman ideas during the Dark ages
d. preservations of ancient Greek and Roman ideas during the Dark ages
The treatment of Armenians in the ottoman empire during World War 1 is an example of
a. genocide
b. fundamentalism
c. cultural diffusion
d. modernization
a. genocide
Which statement best explains why Palestine was partitioned in 1947?
a. the British feared a united Islamic state
b. religious differences led to political division
c. Communist supporters wanted two separate states
b. religious differences led to political division
A nation governed by Islamic Fundamentalists would be most likely to
a. promote active participation of the women I government
b. adopt values and culture from western nations such as the United States
c. emphasize the traditional beliefs and values of the Islamic religion
d. allow many different interpretations of the Quran
c. emphasize the traditional beliefs and values of the Islamic religion
bombing, kidnappings, and hijackings and tactics most often used by
a. imperialists
b. terrorist
b. nationalists.
c. absolutist
b. terrorist
King Louis XIV (16) of France, Ivan the Great of Russia
and Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Empire were all considered absolute rulers because they
a. broke away from the Catholic Church
b. helped feudal lords build secure castles
c. instituted programs that provided more power to there parliaments
d. determined government policies without the consent of their people
d. determined government policies without the consent of their people
Between 1923 and 1938, which Eastern leader instituted a modernization program in Turkey?
a. Shah Reza Pahlavi
b. Saddam Hussein
c. Anwar Saddat
d. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
*** Turk Turkey
d. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
Which was a key characteristic was shared by Suleiman the Magnificent, Shah Reza Pahlavi and Saddam Hussein?
a. allowed freedom of religion
b. centralized governmental authority
c. instituted a system of checks and balances
d. increased political rights for peasants and serfs
b. centralized governmental authority
One reason the Suez Canal has been of strategic importance to countries other than Egypt was the canal
a. allowed faster movement between the North Atlantic and Indian oceans
b. enabled Europeans to explore and control the Middle East and Africa
c. made it easier for Russia to gain control of Afghanistan
d. Provided the Austro- Hungarian Empire with access to its colonies
a. allowed faster movement between the North Atlantic and Indian oceans
Which document is most closely associated with the Arab-Israeli conflict?
a. treaty of Versailles
b. Balfour Declaration
c. Communist Manifesto
d. Treaty of Nanjing
b. Balfour Declaration
* *** was a letter from the British
The early 20th century Zionist movement calling for the establishment of the Jewish homeland was an example of
a. imperialism
b. capitalism
c. nationalism
d. isolation
c. nationalism
Remember it has two definitions
Give both definitions of nationalism
Pride In one country
and
desire for self rule
The reason that the Organization of petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) greatly influences the world today is that It
A.commands the loyalty of the worldwide Islamic community
B. develops and exports technology vital in the ending global reliance on natural gas
C.controls access to trade routes between Asia and North America
D. Manages the oil supply that affects the global economy
D. Manages the oil supply that affects the global economy
The desire of the Palestinians and Kurds for independent states is based on the principle of
a. free trade
b. nationalism
c. modernization
d. collective security
b. nationalism
Peter the Great of Russia, Kemal Ataturk of Turkey and Shah Pahlavi of Iran were similar in that in their nations they
a. restored democracy
b. encouraged westernization
c. allowed foreign occur
d. instituted brutal dictatorships
b. encouraged westernization
A long-term effect of the Balfour Declaration on the Middle East was the
a. conflict between Palestinian Muslims and Israeli Jews
b. strengthening of parliamentary rule in Turkey and Pakistan
c. oppression of the Kurds by the Iraqi government
d. establishment of a two-party system of the government in Palestine
a. conflict between Palestinian Muslims and Israeli Jews
During the Cold War, The soviet Union and the democracies of the West competed for influence in the Middle East because of its
a. strategic location and valuable resources
b. vast fertile farmlands and river systems
c. large well-educated and wealthy populations
d. industrial development and potential
a. strategic location and valuable resources
Which policy is most directly associated with the term protectorate in the Middle East?
a. collectivization
b. fundamentalism
c. cultural diffusion
d. imperialism
d. imperialism
- Saddam Hussein removed from power
- Kurds desire homeland
- Tensions rise between Sunnis and Shiites
- Weapons of mass destruction not found
Which Middle Eastern nation best matches the above headlines?
a. Egypt
b. Iran
c. Pakistan
d. Iraq
d. Iraq
The Truman Doctrine and the soviet invasion of Afghanistan both
a. causes of the World War 2
b. events of the cold war
c. examples of religious conflicts
d. reasons for the industrialized nations
b. events of the Cold War
The potential power of the member nations in OPEC lies in their
a. control of access to important religious cites
b. political influences in third-worlds nations
c. military control over strategic waterways
d. economic influences over industrialized nations
d. economic influences over industrialized nations
Which statement about Shah Reza Pahlavi and the Iranian Revolution is an opinion rather than a fact
a. Shah Pahlavi was supported by major Western powers
b. members of the Islamic clergy opposed Shah Pahlavi
c. the primary cause for the revolution was the exile of Pahlavi’s critics
d. supporters of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini overthrew Shah Pahlavi
c. the primary cause for the revolution was the exile of Pahlavi’s critics
In 1979, the Islamic revolution in Iran was a reaction to the failure of the Shah Reza Pahlevi to
a. modernize the nation’s economy
b. establish political ties with Western nations
c. meet the social and political needs of the people
d. supply the military with advanced weapons and technology
c. meet the social and political needs of the people
During the 1980’s, the economic development of Iran and Iraq was disrupted mainly because of
a. The Cold War
b. the war fought between these nations
c. the Arab- Israeli conflict
d. partition of Palestine
b. the war fought between these nations
The major goal of the Iranian Revolution and the Ayatollah Khomeini was to
a. nationalize the oil industry
b. join OPEC
c. establish closer ties to Israel
d. return to orthodox Islamic rule
d. return to orthodox Islamic rule
Which generalization is best supported by a study of the middle East?
a. oil wealth has led to economic equality
b. . illiteracy has become almost nonexistent
c. religious differences have led to serious conflicts
d. industrial development has urbanized the region
c. religious differences have led to serious conflicts
what event set off the migration of more than 3 million refugees from Afghanistan into Pakistan?
a. the invasion of the Soviet Union
b. the partition of India
c. the Iranian hostage crisis
d. the Yom Kippur war
a. the invasion of the Soviet Union
United States and United Nations forces have been working to liberate the Afghan nation from
a. communist forces
b. Iraqi insurgents
c. Taliban and Al Qaeda operatives
d. Palestinian Liberatio Organization
c. Taliban and al Qaeda operatives
Which leader is most associated with the formation and terrorist activities of the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO)
a. Yasser Arafat
b. Suddan Hussein
c. Osama bin Linden
d. Slobodan Milosevic
a. Yasser Arafat
Which two nations or regions are most closely associated with the partition of Palestine and creation of Israel?
a. Pakistan and India
b. Iran and Iraq
c. Suez canal and Kuwait
d. Gaza strip and West Bank
d. Gaza strip and West bank
The term most associated with Islamic nationalism is
a. Zionism
b. civil disobedience
c. Pan- Arabism
d. Pan- Africanism
c. Pan- Arabism
The Middle East is often referred to as a cultural crossroads as a result of its
a. independence
b. diversity
c. uniformity
d. strong nationalist roots
b. diversity
