Middle Ear and Inner Ear

Question 1

What is the Tympanic Membrane??

Answer 1

The boundary of the middle ear, concave structure made of 3 membranes.

Question 2

3 Membranes of the tympanic membrane

Answer 2

outer, inner, and middle

Question 3

Describe the outer membrane of the tympanic membrane

Answer 3

same skin as in the canal

Question 4

Describe the middle membrane of the tympanic membrane

Answer 4

elastic constructive layer; fibrous

Question 5

Describe the inner membrane of the tympanic membrane

Answer 5

same mucous cells of those that line the middle ear cavity

Question 6

What are the 2 areas of the Tympanic Membrane

Answer 6

Pars Flaccida (Shrapnell’s membrane) and Pars Tensa

Question 7

Describe the Pars Flaccida (Shrapnells membrane)

Answer 7

most superior fourth of tm and does NOT contain the fibers that make the TM very tight

Question 8

Describe the Pars Tensa

Answer 8

tense or very tight and the inferior 3/4

Question 9

Describe the surface area of the tm

Answer 9

85mm^2; but only 2/3 (55mm^2) vibrate at any given time

Question 10

TM is attacted to the ________. (attached at the _________)

Answer 10

malleus; manubruim

Question 11

place of attachchment for tm to malleus is called _____

Answer 11

umbo

Question 12

What is the purpose of the tm

Answer 12

it is an energy transducer; changes acoustic vibrations to mechanical vibrations

Question 13

Describe the middle ear anatomy

Answer 13

air filled cavity, 1/2 in high, 1/2 in wide, 1/4 in deep

Question 14

How is the middle ear separated by the EAC

Answer 14

the tm

Question 15

Describe the eustachian tube

Answer 15

lined with cilia, normally closed, opens to the nasopharynx

Question 16

what opens the eustachian tube

Answer 16

tenso veli palatini and levator veli palatini

Question 17

What equalizes pressure between the middle ear and environment

Answer 17

eustachian tube

Question 18

Epitympanic recess

Answer 18

hollow and superior to TM, contains head of the malleus and body and short crus of incus

Question 19

How many ligaments connect the mallleus

Answer 19

3;

Question 20

How many ligamnets connect the incus

Answer 20

2

Question 21

How many ligamnets connect the stapes

Answer 21

1

Question 22

Chorda tympani

Answer 22

one of the nerves that runs through the middle ear; branch of facial nerve, taste, and salivary glands

Question 23

We kniw the tm acts a transducer, changing the acoustic energy to mechanical energy, what does the remainder of the middle ear conduct

Answer 23

mechanical energy

Question 24

the middle ear acts as an ________ matcher

Answer 24

impedance

Question 25

without the middle ear, energy would be going from _____

Answer 25

air fluid

Question 26

the fulcrum of the Ossicular chain is closer the ______ and not the middle

Answer 26

stapes

Question 27

Series of labyrinths means _____

Answer 27

series of connected tunnels

Question 28

Osseous labyrinth

Answer 28

bony section; carves around organs of hearing and balance

Question 29

Osseous labyrinth contains what fluid

Answer 29

perilymph

Question 30

Membranous labyrinth

Answer 30

inside bony portion

Question 31

Membranous labyrinth contains what fluid

Answer 31

endolymph

Question 32

what are the 3 divisions of labyrinth

Answer 32

cochlea, semi circular canals, and vestibule