middle ages/ renaissance test review Flashcards
where did the protestant reformation have the largest effect?
northern europe
where did the protestant reformation have the smallest impact?
russia and southern europe
difference between luther and calvin
calvin:
-believed in predestination and that people were born with there path already made by god
luther:
- believed that only the faithful can go to heaven and that you can work towards getting into heaven.
what do the jesuits believe in?
- the original teachings of jesus
- church was not corrupted
example: pope francis
difference between medieval and renaissance art
medieval:
- religious meaning
renaissance:
- secular
- realism
how did the protestant reformation lead to religious wars
caused schisms over which religion was the “right religion” to practice
which areas became wealthy due to trade?
venice and florence, italy
where did the renaissance begin?
florence, italy
how did the RCC react to the protestant reformation?
counter reformation, council of trent
king henry V|||
- england
- reformed the RCC by making is own church and putting himself in charge of it
calvinism
- john calvin
- traditional rcc practices
council of trent
aka the “counter reformation”
- bans the sale of indulgences
- limits the power of the pope
- is AGAINIST protestantism, luther and the reprints of the bible
huguenots
french protestants
humanism
-contradicts religious themes, like human’s sinfulness
ibn battuta
-14th century scholar, traveler and salt trader
- “the journey”
- commented on events such as the greta wealth of mali, collapse of the mongols and the plague
islamic art
- geometric shapes
- domes
lateen sail
medieval triangular sail
machiavelli
(1469-1527)
florence, italy
-father of modern political science
peace of westphalia
- formal end to the thirty year war
- one consequence is that the holy roman empire was weakened
predestination
-the belief that god sets up your fate from when you are first born
secular
non-religious
the prince
-handbook on leadership by MACHIAVELLI
- supports a hereditary prince
- better to be feared than loved or hated
- the end result justifies the means
thirty years war
1618-1648
catholics VS protestants
thomas aquinas
SCHOLASTISM
tithes
a tax taken from the church
causes of the protestant reformation
discovery of the new world:
- monarchy
- new cathedrals
corruption within the RCC:
-sale of indulgences
invention of the printing press:
-more bibles in languages people understand (vernacular)
not just latin
martin luther
martin luther
- german monk
- challenged the power of the pope and the sale of indulgences
- wrote down arguments (ninety-five theses)
- was excommunicated from the church by king henry V|||
causes of the renaissance (late 1300s-1600s)
- fall of tconstaniople (byzantine conquered by muslim turks which put religion on art. artists moved to italy)
- italian city states did not suffer much turing the middle ages
- italian city states grew wealthy from crusades trade and having control over mediterranean trade
effects of the protestant reformation
new religious denominations:
- lutheran, calvinism
- decline in religious unity
religious conflict:
england- catholic or protestant
france- thirty year war, huguenots take over
martin luther:
-excommunicated by diet of worms
under elizabeth, the church of england…
retained some catholic aspects but became protestant
how did christianity within england develop under queen mary…
catholicism was restored
the act of supremacy established…
the church of england
