middle ages/ renaissance test review Flashcards

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1
Q

where did the protestant reformation have the largest effect?

A

northern europe

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2
Q

where did the protestant reformation have the smallest impact?

A

russia and southern europe

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3
Q

difference between luther and calvin

A

calvin:
-believed in predestination and that people were born with there path already made by god

luther:
- believed that only the faithful can go to heaven and that you can work towards getting into heaven.

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4
Q

what do the jesuits believe in?

A
  • the original teachings of jesus
  • church was not corrupted

example: pope francis

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5
Q

difference between medieval and renaissance art

A

medieval:
- religious meaning

renaissance:

  • secular
  • realism
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6
Q

how did the protestant reformation lead to religious wars

A

caused schisms over which religion was the “right religion” to practice

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7
Q

which areas became wealthy due to trade?

A

venice and florence, italy

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8
Q

where did the renaissance begin?

A

florence, italy

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9
Q

how did the RCC react to the protestant reformation?

A

counter reformation, council of trent

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10
Q

king henry V|||

A
  • england

- reformed the RCC by making is own church and putting himself in charge of it

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11
Q

calvinism

A
  • john calvin

- traditional rcc practices

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12
Q

council of trent

A

aka the “counter reformation”

  • bans the sale of indulgences
  • limits the power of the pope
  • is AGAINIST protestantism, luther and the reprints of the bible
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13
Q

huguenots

A

french protestants

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14
Q

humanism

A

-contradicts religious themes, like human’s sinfulness

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15
Q

ibn battuta

A

-14th century scholar, traveler and salt trader

  • “the journey”
  • commented on events such as the greta wealth of mali, collapse of the mongols and the plague
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16
Q

islamic art

A
  • geometric shapes

- domes

17
Q

lateen sail

A

medieval triangular sail

18
Q

machiavelli

A

(1469-1527)
florence, italy

-father of modern political science

19
Q

peace of westphalia

A
  • formal end to the thirty year war

- one consequence is that the holy roman empire was weakened

20
Q

predestination

A

-the belief that god sets up your fate from when you are first born

21
Q

secular

A

non-religious

22
Q

the prince

A

-handbook on leadership by MACHIAVELLI

  • supports a hereditary prince
  • better to be feared than loved or hated
  • the end result justifies the means
23
Q

thirty years war

A

1618-1648

catholics VS protestants

24
Q

thomas aquinas

A

SCHOLASTISM

25
Q

tithes

A

a tax taken from the church

26
Q

causes of the protestant reformation

A

discovery of the new world:

  • monarchy
  • new cathedrals

corruption within the RCC:
-sale of indulgences

invention of the printing press:
-more bibles in languages people understand (vernacular)
not just latin

martin luther

27
Q

martin luther

A
  • german monk
  • challenged the power of the pope and the sale of indulgences
  • wrote down arguments (ninety-five theses)
  • was excommunicated from the church by king henry V|||
28
Q

causes of the renaissance (late 1300s-1600s)

A
  • fall of tconstaniople (byzantine conquered by muslim turks which put religion on art. artists moved to italy)
  • italian city states did not suffer much turing the middle ages
  • italian city states grew wealthy from crusades trade and having control over mediterranean trade
29
Q

effects of the protestant reformation

A

new religious denominations:

  • lutheran, calvinism
  • decline in religious unity

religious conflict:
england- catholic or protestant
france- thirty year war, huguenots take over

martin luther:
-excommunicated by diet of worms

30
Q

under elizabeth, the church of england…

A

retained some catholic aspects but became protestant

31
Q

how did christianity within england develop under queen mary…

A

catholicism was restored

32
Q

the act of supremacy established…

A

the church of england