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History > Middle Ages / Medieval Period > Flashcards

Middle Ages / Medieval Period Flashcards

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0
Q

Feudal system

A

How society was organised in the Middle Ages

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1
Q

Middle Ages / medieval period

A

The time from about ad 500 to about 1500 . It is the time between the end of the Roman Empire and what we call modern times .

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2
Q

Demesne

A

The Kings land for his own use

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3
Q

Vassals

A

The Kings followers

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4
Q

Knight

A

Soldiers who rode into battle on horseback and fought for their lords

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5
Q

Serf

A

Serfs belonged to the Lord and farmed his land . They could not leave the manor or get married without his permission

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6
Q

Freeman

A

Peasant who did not have to give free labour to the Lord but paid him rent . They could travel and marry as they pleased

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7
Q

Manor

A

Small village sand farms owned by the local Lord or knight

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8
Q

Tithe

A

The peasants paid the priest one-tenth of their crops this was called tithe

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9
Q

Commons

A

Where all the peasants animals grazed together

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10
Q

Open field system

A

The methods peasants used to farm

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11
Q

Motte and Bailey

A

The first type of medieval castle . The motte was where the lord lived the Bailey was when the servants and the peasants lived with the animals .

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12
Q

Moat

A

A ditch filled with water surrounding the motte and Bailey to protect it from attackers .

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13
Q

Keep

A

The keep was the main building in the castle , this is where the Lord and lady and their family lived

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14
Q

Battlements

A

The battlements were at the top of the keep . All day long soldiers kept guard on the battlements looking out for the enemy .

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15
Q

Curtain walls

A

We’re the outer walls of the castle

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16
Q

Turrets

A

We’re strong towers along the walls

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17
Q

Drawbridge

A

The drawbridge was raised at night or if the enemy approached

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18
Q

Portcullis

A

N

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19
Q

Ramparts

A

D

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20
Q

Latrines

A

K

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21
Q

Trenchers

A

the food was served on wooden plates or on big slices of bread called trenchers.

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22
Q

Wimples

A

The headdress was called a wimple .

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23
Q

Hawking

A

This was where a hawk was trained to sit on a persons hand and hunt songbirds , ducks and small animals .

24
Q

Jousting

A

A fight between to Knights . Blunt swords and lances were used

25
Q

Dowry

A

It could be money cattle or household utensils . In return her husband would agree to support her for the rest of her life .

26
Q

Page

A

Hen a lords son was seven he would send him to another castle to become a page . He learned how to ride a horse and use a sword and to have good manners.

27
Q

Squire

A

When the boy was 14 years old , he became a squire he learned to fight on horseback . If there was a war he went with his Lord and carried his weapons and helped him with his armour and horse.

28
Q

Dubbing

A

The ceremony at which a squire became a knight

29
Q

Chivalry

A

The squire swore to uphold the code of chivalry

30
Q

Toll

A

A tax traders had to pay to get inside the town

31
Q

Curfew

A

A set time when all fires were put out to prevent the wooden houses burning down

32
Q

Leprosy

A

A skin disease sores broke out all over the body Lepors were not aloud to mix with the rest of the town

33
Q

Black Death

A

A plague that was thought to hav wiped out 1/3 of the population of Europe it came from fleas carried by the black rat .

34
Q

Charter

A

A legal document from the king in which the king lets the town run its own affairs

35
Q

Guild

A

Every crafts person in a town had to belong to a guild it made sure their work was at a high standard and that they got reasonable wages they paid for there funeral. Each guild controlled ots own craft

36
Q

Apprentice

A

At twelve a boy who wanted to be a craftsman would become a prentice he would work with no wages

37
Q

Journeyman

A

Now he gets paid for his work after seven years of being a apprentice he can leave and travel looking for a job with better wages

38
Q

Master craftsman

A

The journey man had to create a master piece and join a guild to become a master craftsman

39
Q

Romanesque

A

The first stone churches were built in a style called Romanesque

40
Q

Gothic

A

Gothic cathedrals usually have spires and towers . The arches over the windows and doors are pointed .

41
Q

Fly buttresses

A

Arches on the outside to support the weight of the roof .

42
Q

Dormitory

A

Where the monks slept .

43
Q

Refectory

A

Where the monks had there meals

44
Q

Cloister

A

A square in the middle of the monastery surrounded by stone walls Where the monks walked and prayed .

45
Q

Scriptorium

A

Where they copied manuscripts

46
Q

Infirmary

A

Where the sick were. Nursed

47
Q

Chapter house

A

Where they met to discuss the burdens of the monastery and elect the abbot

48
Q

Novice

A

When a boy joined a monastery he was called a novice .

49
Q

Tonsure

A

A bald patch in the middle of the head to show that a man was a monk

50
Q

Matins

A

Morning prayers from 4am-6am

51
Q

Vespers

A

Evening prayers 5pm

52
Q

Compline

A

Night prayer and retire to bed 8pm

53
Q

Abbot

A

Head of the monastery was elected by the monks

54
Q

Almoner

A

Looked after the poor when they visited

55
Q

Prior

A

When the abbot was away his place was taken by the prior

56
Q

Hosteller

A

Looked after travellers

57
Q

Friars

A

Friars travelled from place to place , working with the poor .

History (9 decks)

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