Middle Ages in Western Europe Flashcards
North Atlantic Drift
the warm ocean current flowing northeast, under the influence of prevailing winds
Monastery
Buildings occupied by a community of monks living under religious vows
Charlemagne
King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and Emperor of the Carolingian Empire
Holy Roman Empire
European territories under the rule of the Frankish or German king
Feudalism
people were given land and protection by people of higher rank, and worked and fought for them in return.
Manorialism
a system of economic, social, and political organization based on the medieval manor
William The Conqueror
the first Norman king of England (as William I), reigning from 1066 until his death
Papacy
the office of pope
Monarch
a person who reigns over a kingdom or empire
Magna Carta
a document guaranteeing English political liberties that was drafted at Runnymede
The Crusades
a series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims
Pope Urban II
the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 12 March 1088 to his death.
Saladin
A Kurdish general who conquered Egypt (see also Egypt) and Syria in the twelfth century
Richard I
1157–99, king of England (1189–99); a leader of the third crusade
The Black Death
An epidemic of plague, especially its bubonic form, that occurred in outbreaks between 1347 and 1400
