Middle Ages

Question 1

Frankish Rulers

Answer 1

Clovis, Merovingians, Charles Martel, Pépin the Short, Charlemagne.

Question 2

Transition to the Middle Ages:

Answer 2

The period between the classical age and the modern world.

Question 3

Carolingians

Answer 3

Pépin III, Charlemagne, the Donation of Pépin.

Question 4

Feudalism

Answer 4

Lords, vassals, fiefs, primogeniture.

Question 5

Vikings:

Answer 5

Norsemen, Viking customs, invasions.

Question 6

Manorial System:

Answer 6

Manors, peasants, domain, fields, serfs.

Question 7

Chivalry

Answer 7

Knights, armor, code of chivalry, knights’ training.

Question 8

Medieval Church Hierarchy

Answer 8

Parish priest, bishop, archbishop, pope.

Question 9

Monasticism

Answer 9

Monks, nuns, Benedictine Rule, monastic lifestyles.

Question 10

Church’s Influence:

Answer 10

Political, economic, and social roles of the church, canon law.

Question 11

What were the two major developments in England following the signing of Magna Carta in 1215?

Answer 11

The growth of Parliament and the beginnings of representative government, and the growth of common law based upon customs and judge’s decisions.

Question 12

Who was William the Conqueror, and what impact did he have on England’s feudal system?

Answer 12

William the Conqueror was the Duke of Normandy who claimed the English throne in 1066. He introduced feudalism from France to England but structured it so that the king held supreme authority.

Question 13

How did the Hundred Years’ War affect England and France?

Answer 13

The war saw the use of new weapons, such as longbows and cannons, weakening knightly warfare. In England, it led to the War of the Roses, which ended with Henry VII establishing a strong monarchy. In France, it resulted in the strengthening of the monarchy under Louis XI.

Question 14

What were the causes of the Crusades, and what were their results in Europe?

Answer 14

The Crusades were initiated to regain control of the Holy Land from the Seljuq Turks. They led to Europeans learning new warfare tactics, political changes that weakened feudalism, the exchange of ideas, and changes in trade.

Question 15

What were the four basic rights gained by townspeople in medieval European towns?

Answer 15

1.) Freedom, 2.) Exemption from working on the manor, 3.) Town justice, and 4.) Commercial privileges to sell goods in town markets.

Question 16

What were guilds, and how did they contribute to the rise of the middle class in medieval Europe?

Answer 16

Guilds were associations of merchants and skilled workers. Merchant guilds had the sole right to trade in a town, and craft guilds set rules for wages and working conditions. The middle class, consisting of guild members, began to gain power and favored kings over nobles.

Question 17

What was the Black Death, and how did it impact Europe?

Answer 17

The Black Death was a deadly plague that swept through Europe in the mid-14th century, causing the deaths of millions of people. It led to a loss of faith, reduced power of the church, changes in class relations, and increased demands for higher wages by workers.