Middle Ages Flashcards
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When was the middle ages?
500-1500 CE
What problems for the Roman Empire were caused by the invading Germanic Tribes?
- interruption in trade (land & sea), 2. downfall of cities, 3. population shift (Rich moved to the country and everyone else followed
What is Pope Gregory the Great known for?
expanding his power of position of Pope, became very involved in politics, used $$ from church to train army, repair roads, and help the poor
What did some European monasteries become?
libraries and schools
What was the official language of the Roman Empire?
Latin
Which groups invaded Charlemagne’s empire, helping to make it weaker in the process?
The Frankish empire
What ceremony in 800 showed the church had power of governments?
Coronation
What was the Treaty of Verdun? Who was involved in it?
Divides empire into 3 pieces, Charlemagne & Louis ll
be able to label a feudalism system pyramid and explain what goes to who
lends land [King] - gave land to lower
nobles
Owned land, very wealthy, powerful-[Nobles]- gave land to knights
Provided military services in exchange for land -[Knights] gave land and
protection
works for nobles and performed back breaking tasks - [Peasants]
What taxes did peasants/serfs commonly have to pay on the manor?
Paid taxes on all grain that was grown in lord’s mill, paid tax to get married & needed lords permission, paid 10% of tithes to the church
How many families lived on a manor?
15-30
What was day to day life like for peasants and serfs?
The woke up at 4 in the morning and had a small breakfast, than began feeding animals and taking care of the land and crops.
Who did a knight swear loyalty and devotion to?
Their Lord,
Who did a knight swear loyalty and devotion to?
Their Lords
Who were friars? What did they do?
.
What 3 major problems did the church face around the year 900?
What were the levels of power within the clergy members of the church?
Pope, Priests, Lords, church officials
Who was Gelasius I?
What were excommunication and interdict?
What did the church do with the $ it took in from tithes?
Took them as taxes
How did the church gain power, wealth, and importance during the Middle Ages?
What were the goals for the start of the Crusades?
To stop the expansion of Muslim states, Reclaim Christianity from territories that used to be christian
How did the Pope encourage knights to go on the crusades?
The Pope would tell the knights that joining the Crusades would be good for them and automatically get them into Heaven
What were the motivations and overall results of the crusades?
What were the results of the 1 st and 2 nd crusades?
What was the Inquisition? What crime was often charged?
What were the effects of the 3 Field System being implemented in Europe?
Who were the Burghers?
Who was William the Conqueror?
First Norman King of England, he declared all of England belonged to him –> unites smaller land pieces together, his goals were to strengthen power and add to French lands.
What is the Magna Carta?
What is the Model Parliament? Who established it? Why was it formed?
What is Yersinia Pestis?
How many people were killed by the plague?
What were the effects of the plague in Europe? How did it change things going forward?
