Middle Ages Flashcards

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1
Q

Medieval

A

Term that describes the period of western European history known as the Middle Ages

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2
Q

Middle Ages

A

Period of western European history between the collapse of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance

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3
Q

Feudalism

A

Political system of local government based on the granting of land in return for loyalty, military assistance, and other services

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4
Q

Fief

A

Grant of land given to a vassal from a lord

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5
Q

Vassal

A

Person granted land from a lord in return for services

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6
Q

Manorialism

A

Economic system during the Middle Ages that revolved around self-sufficient farming estates where lords and peasants shared the land

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7
Q

Serfs

A

Peasants who were bound to the land where they worked for a lord

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8
Q

Chivalry

A

Code of conduct that dictated knights’ behavior towards others

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9
Q

Abbot

A

Head of a monastery who controlled and distributed all property

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10
Q

Heretics

A

People who denied the truth of the official church’s principles of who preached beliefs not approved by the church

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11
Q

Tithe

A

Church tax collected from Christians in early times that represented one tenth of their income; later became a gift to the church representing one tenth of a person’s income

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12
Q

Common Law

A

Law based upon customs and judges’ decisions rather than upon written codes

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13
Q

Magna Carta

A

Great Charter, English document that made law the supreme power and became a cornerstone of constitutional government

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14
Q

Crusades

A

`A long series of wars between Christians and Muslims in Southwest Asia

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15
Q

Pilgrimage

A

A journey to a sacred place

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16
Q

Holy Land

A

The region of present-day Israel; includes the city of Jerusalem, which is a holy city to Christianity, Islam, and Judaism.

17
Q

King

A

Person in charge of a kingdom; highest rank in a feudalism

18
Q

Noble/Lord

A

in a feudal society , one who owned land given to him by the king in return for his loyalty

19
Q

Knight/Vassal

A

granted use of land by lords, and in exchange to protect the land.

20
Q

Peasant

A

they were the farmers who paid about half of their income in taxes to the nobles, the church and other agents of the king