Middle age notes

Question 1

Feudalism

Answer 1

a feudal system. <- both a property system and a military system.
He wants protection so he gives out land/fiefs-land grants, this means that he gives people land to farm on in exchange for people fighting for him.

Question 2

Knighthood

Answer 2

-people that do the fighting. Young boys were taken from their family to be raised to become knights in another home with many other boys. Armor weighted 120lbs. Knights traveled with squires to save them ie. if they fell in water or fell in general they had to get them up, armor was too heavy. Knights had to follow a system of codes called chivalry.

Question 3

chivalry/courtly love

Answer 3

chivalry/courtly love- knights had to follow this. A system of social codes regarding warfare -never attack unarmed opponents, protect women and children first, serving the king and queen. …..
courtly love- addressing a woman who is not your wife. This made the knight braver(fighting for a woman’s honor)

Question 4

Women-

Answer 4

women were required to maintain their home and had to defend themselves because the husband was out fighting. Also were confined to household tasks ie. cooking, cleaning , sewing, spinning. Some women were midwives, nuns, witches- women would figure out medicine using herms and that made them considered witches cause how else would they figure this out.

Question 5

Homes

Answer 5

cold, damp, dark, no windows/no glass(only stained glass in church), one room, had thatched roofs- hay/straw/twigs covered roof, had fire in the middle of home, easily caught on fire,

Question 6

Clothing-

Answer 6

wool, same set of clothes day after day, itchy, hot, no deodorant or soap, no baths or showers, used ponds one or twice a month, wool holds on to odders so because of the fire people smelled like smoke.

Question 7

Medicine-

Answer 7

people believed illnesses were passed along by bad odders. No antibiotics or any modern medicine or bandages. There were doctors. They followed the ideas of the 4 humors/ elements <-had to balance the out. The only way to do so is to use bloodletting, especially leeches or knives. Infection started from the bacteria or leeches or dirty knives. There were surgerys that were experimental. Potions, that may have encluded Hemlock, was used for herbs before surgery like pain meds. which would kill many people before surgery. Many rats with diseases because of how filthy it was during the time. Lead to-Black/Bubonic Plague- rats w/ fleas, bite people, and they died. (you should know about this from last year).

Question 8

The 4 humors—

Answer 8

Earth- black bile
Fire- yellow bile
Water- phlegm
Air- blood
If you had too much of a singular element you acted a certain way. Like too much of ___ ment you were depressed or others meant you were always angry.

Question 9

Religion

Answer 9

If someone had an illness they thought the person had a sin on their soul. They were strong believers of heaven and hell and eternal life. The only church was the Caltholic church.

Question 10

Parish-

Answer 10

areas of land that decides which church you go to based on where you are located.
\Conflict between do i listen to pope for eternal life or the king for my life on earth

Question 11

Thomas a¨ Becket(TB)-

Answer 11

king knew TB would side with him rather than pope because he did him a favor, but there was a conflict and TB sided with pope. King was angry and made TB a Martyr and sent knights to murder TB in the church. TB became a saint.

Question 12

saint-

Answer 12

a person who died in the name of the church.

Question 13

date

Answer 13

1066-1485