Middle Adulthood Flashcards
What are some physical changes in middle adulthood?
skin, teeth, taste, smell, vision, and hearing
What are the changes in skin and teeth?
Teeth-
gum and tooth loss, periodontal disease, self esteem issues
Skin-
dry, thin, less elastic, collagen loss
basal cell carcinoma-scaly patches of skin
Hearing in middle adulthood?
5 million in the US have mild to moderate hearing loss
Taste and smell in middle adulthood?
- Taste buds are replaced every 10 days-gets slower after 40’s
- women have better sense of taste
Vision in middle adulthood
presbyopia, glaucoma, cataracts, dry eye, macular degeneration
Presbyopia
lens harden
glaucoma
pressure due to fluid in the eye
cataracts
clouding lens
men tend to overrate/underrate their appearance than women
overrate
Osteoporosis
thinning bone mass and micro architectural deterioration of bone tissue; due to lower estrogen level.
Rheumatoid arthritis
inflammatory disease causing pain, swelling, stiffness and loss of function of joins;autoimmune disease
Menopause
- is when hormones begin to change
- cessation of menstruation
- drop in production of estrogen
- avg age 51 years
Hysterectomy
surgical removal of ovaries
Hormone Replacement Therapy
cardiovascular fitness, bone loss, memory loss
Mens health concerns
prostate gland: enlargement; testosteron reduction
prostatitis
inflammation of the prostate gland; discomfort, pain, urination, and fever
caner of the prostate
digital rectal exam (DRE)
Prostate specific antigen test (PSA)
aging in men
- lose 12-20 pounds of muscle
- 15% bone mass
- 2 inches height
- build body fat
- low sperm count
- decreasing strength
- mood swings
male menopause
occurs between 40-55 years
midlife crisis
Male potency
inability to have or sustain erection; 1/2 of men over 40 years experience this problem
viagra
- used for male impotence
- health risks are headaches, seeing blue, temporary vision problems, blackouts, tissue damage
Health changes in middle adulthood
diet, physical exercise, healthy lifestyle
Is living alone hazardous?
yes because lack of emotional and social support
Can lack of sleep cause depression in middle adults?
yes
Cardiovascular health?
- high blood pressure
- family history
- males,
- diabetic
- obese
what are the primary causes of death in the US?
heart disease and stroke
Arteriosclerosis
hardening of blood vessels
heart attacks
reduced blood flow; lack of oxygen
High blood pressure
- african americans
- men in early and middle adult years
- women after menopause
- half of americans over 65
- older african american women ins SE
- heredity
how to lower high blood pressure
- healthy weight
- starch and fiber
- foods
- low salt
- more activity
- less alcohol
- stress management skills
- medications
- check ups
- diagnostic instruments
cholesterol
-white waxy fat
-builds cell walls
-makes hormones
HDL(>60) LDL(<130)
Cancers in middle adulthoods
-breast
-colon
-lung
-ovarian
-cervical
-prostate
(80% due to environmental factors)
Sexual functioning
stereotype about old age; self-fulfilling prophecy; diabetes, depression decreases desire
fluid intelligence
ability to make original adaptations in novel situations, reasoning, non word process
crystallized intelligence
ability to reuse earlier adaptations on later occasions, vocabulary, science, math, social studies
Cognition and dialectical thinking
piaget- formal thought ends at 15 years
cognitino during adulthood- post formal operation; no single answer to a problem
Shaies’ 4 stage cognitive development model
- acquisition stage
- achieving stage
- responsible/executive stage
- reintegrative stage
acquisition stage
- childhood-adolescence
- what should I do?
achieving stage
- young adulthood
- how should I use what I know in career or love?
Responsible/executive stage
- Middle adulthood
- how should I use my knowledge in social and family responsibilities
Reintegrative stage
- old age
- what should I know?
